Better in Connecticut

The State of Connecticut requires all businesses to hold some form of business registration which is dependent on the business structure and if the company has employees.  In addition, some professions or trades require licensing.  Use our license database look-up to determine if a license is required and the administering agency.

Business Formation Verification

• Sole proprietorships and general partnerships require a tradename certificate with the Town Clerk in the town in which the business is based.  Currently there is no centralized look-up and requires you to contact the town directly.
• Corporations, LLCs, LLPs and LPs file with the Connecticut Secretary of the State.  Search Connecticut Business Registration Data.

Professional or Trade License Verification

• The Connecticut eLicense web portal provides real-time access to over 600 credential types issued and regulated by the following State agencies. These credential types include licenses, registrations, permits, or certifications for individuals, organizations and facilities. 
  • To view a list of the licenses administered by the agencies click on the agency link provided below.
    * Consumer Protection
    * Public Health
    * Agriculture
    * Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station
    * Office of Early Childhood & Youth Camp
    * Developmental Services
    * State Fire Marshal
    * Revenue Services
• Additional agencies offer their own verification systems.  Use the links below:
  *  Insurance
  *  Banking

It is important that new business owners put thought into choosing a business name.  Most importantly, the name a business owner chooses should be unique; no other business should have the same name.  If a name is already in use and is legally protected, for example through a trade mark or service mark, the new business owner is not legally able to use the name.  Be sure to verify name availability.

Suggested Resources:
The Connecticut Secretary of the State (SOTS), in collaboration with the CT Data Collaborative, offers a Connecticut Business Registration Database that houses details on all business entities that file with SOTS (corporations, limited liability partnerships, limited partnerships, limited liability companies).  All entities that register with the Secretary of the State must have a unique name in that more than one business can not share or have a similar name.

NOTE:  Sole proprietors and general partnerships register with the town clerk in the town in which the business is based and are excluded from registering with the Secretary of the State.  

The Secretary of the State also registers and administers state level trade and service marks. For a fee, the agency accepts search requests.  Online searching is available. The agency offers additional information and forms in the following link.

Contact the agency:  (860) 509-6002 - business filing questions (860) 509-6006 - trademark questions or crd@ct.gov  Agency website:  https://portal.ct.gov/sots 

U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Verify that the name has not been protected on the federal level through the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
Contact the office at 800-786-9199  Agency website: www.uspto.gov.

Additionally, assistance is available through official patent and trademark depository libraries.  Although Connecticut no longer has a library, New York, Rhode Island and Massachusetts have one or more libraries.  For a complete listing of depository libraries and links to their web sites visit www.uspto.gov.

Additional Resources:

• Ask the librarian of a local library for business databases such as Dun & Bradstreet
• Check in the town clerk's office for business registrations

Each licensing agency in Connecticut is prepared to receive and process complaints from consumers concerning licensed personnel/businesses.

Here are a few common agencies:

• Department of Consumer Protection
  File a Complaint
  • Home improvement contracts
  • Prescription errors
  • Underage liquor sales
  • Defective new cars (lemon law)
  • Charities
  • Sweepstakes
  • Tainted food
  • Many others
• Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles
  Complaint details
  • Auto Dealer and Repairers
• Connecticut Department of Banking
  Complaint details
  • Sales Finance/Vehicle Loan
  • Vehicle or Boat Reposession
  • Small Loan Company
  • Securities
  • Check Casher
  • Student Loan Servicer
  • Credit Report
  • Credit Card/Prepaid Card
  • Rental Security Deposit
  • Debt Adjuster
  • Judicial Foreclosure
  • Money Transmitter
  • Mortgage
  • Debt Negotiator
  • Identity Theft 
• Connecticut Department of Insurance
  Complaint details
• Connecticut Department of Public Health
  Complaint details
• Connecticut Department of Labor
  Complaint details

The following details provide guidance for an existing business wishing to make changes to their existing business filings. If changing the business structure, it is recommended that legal counsel be sought.

If you are forming a subsidiary, please review the separate item addressing that topic.

• Secretary of the State
  (860) 509-6002 or crd@ct.gov
  Agency website: https://portal.ct.gov/sots
  • Forms to complete the following tasks are available on the agency website at the following link: form or online
    • Change of business address
    • Change of agent and agent address
    • Add or remove manager, member, partner, officer - Interim Notice of Change
    • Change of name or any other particular of your filings - Amendments (this can not be filed online)
      • LLC - domestic (formed in CT) or foreign (formed outside of Connecticut)
      • Corporation- domestic or foreign stock or nonstock
      • LLP - domestic or foreign
    • Changing the structure requires the business to dissolve the existing business and then create a new structure.
• Connecticut Department of Revenue Services
  800-382-9463(instate only), (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us
  Agency website: https://portal.ct.gov/drs
  • Change of address
  • Change of business name or DBA
  • Change business structure
  • Updating members, officers, partners
  • Add new business location
  • Add new tax type to existing registration - refile form REG-1 or complete online application
     
• Connecticut Department of Labor
  860-263-6550
  Agency website: www.ctdol.state.ct.us
  • Compose a letter stating the reason for the change and include previous registration information. Fax to 860-263-6567 or mail to Attention: Employer Status, Connecticut Department of Labor, 200 Folly Brook Boulevard, Wethersfield, CT 06109. 
    
    If changing business structure and/or Federal Employer Identification Number with the IRS, re-file form UC-1A. Compose a letter stating the change and reason.
     
• Internal Revenue Services (IRS)800-829-4933
  Agency website:  www.irs.gov
  • Change business name
  • Change business address (see below)
  • Change business structure
    
    Compose a letter stating the change including the current Federal Employer Identification Number (FEIN) and apply for a new EIN. If changing the business structure, the business must dissolve. Mail the letter to Internal Revenue Service, EIN Operation, Holtsville NY 00501 or fax to 631-447-8960.
• Additional Agencies
  Each agency handles changes differently. For more information contact the individual agencies directly.

The following information is a guideline for dissolving (closing) an existing business.
 

• Secretary of the State
  860-509-6002 or crd@ct.gov
  
  Dissolving a corporation, limited liability company, limited liability partnership or limited partnership requires the business to file Articles of Dissolution. 
  
  This step can should be completed online.
   
• Connecticut Department of Revenue Services
  1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), 860-297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us
  
  The agency provides details on how to notify them about closing a business.
   
• Connecticut Department of Labor
  860-263-6550
  
  Compose a letter stating the reason for change, include registration information. Fax to 860-263-6567 or mail to Attention: Employer Status, Connecticut Department of Labor, 200 Folly Brook Boulevard, Wethersfield, CT 06109.
   
• Internal Revenue Services (IRS)
  800-829-4933
  
  Instructions are availabe online or contact the agency directly for further instructions.  Online select Business and then Closing a business. 
   
• Additional Agencies
  Each agency handles changes differently. For more information contact the individual agencies directly.

The Field Audit Unit with the Connecticut Department of Labor provides guidance to determine if a worker is considered an employee or an independent contractor (must satisfy the ABC test). The determination is often technical and complex and often requires assistance by the agency.  Contact the ageny at 860-263-6360 or visit www.ctdol.state.ct.us.  

The U.S. Internal Revenue Services (IRS) can provide further information.  Contact the IRS at 1-800-829-1040 or visit www.irs.gov  

"Employee" means, according to the Connecticut General Statutes, Chapter 558, Section 31-58, any individual employed or permitted to work by an employer but shall not include any individual employed in camps or resorts which are open no more than six months of the year or in domestic service in or about a private home, except any individual in domestic service employment as defined in the regulations of the federal Fair Labor Standards Act, or an individual employed in a bona fide executive, administrative or professional capacity as defined in the regulations of the Labor Commissioner or an individual employed by the federal government, or any individual engaged in the activities of an educational, charitable, religious, scientific, historical, literary or nonprofit organization where the employer-employee relationship does not, in fact, exist or where the services rendered to such organizations are on a voluntary basis, or any individual employed as a head resident or resident assistant by a college or university, or any individual engaged in baby sitting, or an outside salesman as defined in the regulations of the federal Fair Labor Standards Act; or any individual employed by a nonprofit theater, provided such.

To be considered an independent contractor, an individual must meet all three of the following tests.

1. The worker must be free from direction and control in the performance of the service, both under the
   contract to hire and in fact.  (Essentially, this is the common law definition.)
2. The worker's services must be performed:
   EITHER
   1. Outside the usual course of the employer's business; OR
   2. Outside all of the employers' places of business.
3. The worker must be customarily engaged in an independently established trade, occupation, profession or business of the same nature as the service being provided.
   
   It is important to note that test A above will not be satisfied if the person or persons for whom the service is performed retain the right to exercise direction and control over the service, even when that right is not used.  Also bear in mind that an individual who forms a business in response to an offer of work as an independent contractor will meet neither the "customarily engaged" nor the "independently established" criteria of test 3.

Yes.  There are no regulations preventing a minor from owning a business in Connecticut. The business can be owned under the name of the minor, however, legal documents such as contracts and registration forms have to be signed by a parent or legal guardian.

Yes, an immigrant, with the appropriate visa status, can own a business in Connecticut.  However, there may be potential  constraints on the income earned.

For example, an immigrant who holds a green card (permanent residence status) has most of the rights of a U.S. citizen with the exception of voting. The green card permits the immigrant to own a business and generate income.  A person with a H-1B status is in the U.S. temporarily because they were hired by a company to perform services resulting from a specialty occupation (i.e. lawyer, engineer) can own a business but not generate income from the business.

For further questions, contact the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services at 1-800-375-5283.

Defined by the Equal Employment Opportunity Act a minority is a person(s) who is American Indian, Asian, Black, Hispanic, has origins in the Iberian Peninsula, a woman, and an individual with a disability.

For more information about programs for minorities click here.

DBA is an abbreviation for “doing business as”. Typically owners of sole proprietorships and general partnerships who wish to do business using a name other than their own name file a DBA with the town clerk in the town in which the business is based. Corporations, LLC’s, LLPs, and LPs are not required to file a DBA, however, if the business wishes to market or operate as a name other than the registered name with the Connecticut Secretary of the State, then the business should file a DBA.  Other term used for DBA include trade name certificate or fictitious name.

If a business is registered with the Connecticut Secretary of the State and wishes to add a DBA, once the DBA is filed with the town clerk, the business needs to notify agencies such as the ones listed below that a DBA was added to an existing business.

• Connecticut Department of Revenue Services
  800-382-9463(instate only), (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us
  Agency website: https://portal.ct.gov/drs
  • Notify the agency in writing and mail to: 
    Department of Revenue Services
    Registration Unit
    450 Columbus Blvd.
    Hartford, CT 06103
• Connecticut Department of Labor860-263-6550
  Agency website: www.ctdol.state.ct.us
  • Compose a letter stating the reason for the change and include previous registration information. Fax to 860-263-6567 or mail to Attention: Employer Status, Connecticut Department of Labor, 200 Folly Brook Boulevard, Wethersfield, CT 06109. 
• Internal Revenue Services (IRS)800-829-4933
  Agency website:  www.irs.gov
  • Compose a letter stating the change including the current Federal Employer Identification Number (FEIN).  Mail the letter to Internal Revenue Service, EIN Operation, Holtsville NY 00501 or fax to 631-447-8960.
• Additional Agencies
  Each agency handles changes differently. For more information contact the individual agencies directly.

Purchasing an existing business can be complicated and may require the assistance of legal and tax professionals.

New owners are advised to do their homework by researching not only the current financial and tax status but also any underlying issues such as labor and customer relations.  The previous owner should be forthcoming with any requested documentation including existing license or registration numbers and certificates associated with the business.  As the new business owner, you may be liable for the previous owner’s actions.  It is up to the new owner to protect themselves and take the necessary steps to minimize their risk.

Successor Liability
In the words of the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services (DRS), to avoid successor liability the purchaser must request for a Tax Clearance Certificate (AU-866) for sales and use taxes or admissions and dues tax, or both, before purchasing an existing business.  The purchaser of the business should request a Tax Clearance Certificate between the time the purchaser commits to buy the business and at least 90 days before the closing.  DRS has 60 days from the date that all required information is received to either issue a Tax Clearance Certificate or an escrow letter to the purchaser.  To obtain a tax clearance, follow the directions in Successor Liability and Request for Tax Clearance ((IP 2018(10)

Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962 or drs@ct.gov   Agency website: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Unemployment Liability
According to the Connecticut Department of Labor, the purchaser of an existing business that had employees will become a full or part successor of the previous employer's unemployment liabilities.  When registering for the unemployment insurance tax (UC-1A) you will need to know the following information:

• Will you be acquiring all or part of the employees, assets, organization, trade name and business of the previous employer?
• Trade Name
• Name and address of previous employer
• Previous employer's registration number
• Will the employer remain in business in Connecticut?

Contact the agency:  (860) 263-6550 or dol.webhelp@ct.gov   Agency website:  www.ctdol.state.ct.us

Additional Agencies
Each agency handles changes differently. For more information contact the individual agencies directly.   Agency websites can be accessed online at portal.ct.gov.

Additional Resources
Buying An Existing Business 
Buying a Business: What You Need to Know 

Business Registration and Licensing information is available in the following link. Please note that the prior owner needs to dissolve their business their business and you will register as a brand new business entity. Contact 1-800-392-2122, 860-571-7136 or contact us form.

The Certificate of Legal Existence (Good Standing) is a document that shows conclusive evidence that a corporation is in 'good standing' in the state in which the corporation originally registered. This certificate is issued by the Connecticut Secretary of the State's office.

Contact the agency at 860.509.6002 or crd@ct.gov.

Organizations that wish to form a church typically form a nonprofit corporation by filing as a non-stock corporation or religious organization documents with the Connecticut Secretary of the State and applying with the Internal Revenue Services(IRS) for nonprofit exempt status.  The IRS provides Publication 557 for further guidance.   The agency also recommends that organizations forming nonprofits file for a determination letter granting nonprofit status prior to filing with the Connecticut Secretary of the State. 

Connecticut Business Registration Requirements provides further details on registering a business in Connecticut.

Additional information sources:
Connecticut Nonprofit Alliance
Nolo.com (legal web site with information on forming a nonprofit)
USA.gov (Federal web portal to information on nonprofits)

No license is required for ordained religious performing services as a chaplin, priest, minister or other religious persons.

The following resources are available to confirm the existence of a business operating in Connecticut:

• Contact the Connecticut Secretary of the State's Commercial Recordings Division at 860-509-6003 or conduct a business formation search.   Keep in mind that corporations, limited partnerships, limited liability partnerships and limited liability companies register with the Secretary of the State.
   
• Check with the town clerk in the town that the business is based for registration of a tradename certificate.  Sole proprietors and general partnerships are required to file with the town.  Note: Corporations, LPs LLPs and LLCs are not required to file with the town clerk.
   
• Some businesses may require one or more trade or occupational licenses/permits by one or more state agencies.  Search Connecticut's licensing database and contact the administering agency.
   
• Some state agencies offer license verification online.

According to the Small Business Administration, a franchise is a legal and commercial relationship between the owner of a trademark, service mark, tradename or advertising symbol and an individual or group wishing to use that identification in a business. The franchise governs the method of conducting business between the two parties. Generally, a franchisee sells goods or services supplied by the franchiser or that meet the franchiser's quality standards.  To learn more, the agency offers a section on their website (www.sba.gov) regarding buying a franchise.

Business opportunities (franchisor) must register with the Connecticut Department of Banking, Securities & Business Investment Division.  However, franchises that have a federally registered trademark do not register with the agency. Contact the agency:  (860) 240-8230 or 800-831-7225  Visit https://portal.ct.gov/dob

Pension and/or retirement plans are governed through the U.S. Department of Labor through the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) which does not require any employer to establish a retirement plan. It only requires that those who establish plans must meet certain minimum standards.  The following link provides additional details.

For further details, contact the agency directly at 1-866-487-2365 or email.  

However, the State of Connecticut enacted legislation for a Connecticut Retirement Security Program (( Public Act No. 16-29, an Act Creating the Connecticut Retirement Security Program (the “Program”) and amended by Public Act 16-3 (codified as C.G.S. §31-410 to 31-429)),which requires private-sector employers without their own workplace-based retirement plans to enroll employees in Individual Retirement Arrangements (IRAs) sponsored by the state.  

For more details contact the Connecticut Retirement Security Authority at DOL.CRSAinfo@ct.gov

Connecticut requires employers to obtain Workers' Compensation Insurance which is purchased through a private insurance company.  Some businesses, such as those organized as sole proprietors or single member LLC's are automatically excluded from requiring coverage.  However, businesses organized as corporations or multi-member/partner LLC's, LLP's, LP's and general partnerships are required to apply for workers' compensation whether or not employees are hired.  Such organizations can be excluded from coverage by filing form (6B) which can be accessed online under the Resources section and then Forms.  For further information contact the Workers' Compensation Commission (WCC) at 800-223-9675 or wcc.chairmansoffice@po.state.ct.us

According to the definition provided in Sec. 21-35a of Chapter 407a of the Connecticut General Statutes,  "closing out sale" means all sales advertised, represented or held forth under the designation of "going out of business", "selling out", liquidation", "lost our lease", "forced to vacate", "moving to a new location" or any other designation of like meaning. 

A license is required by the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection in order for a business or person to hold a "closing out sale".  A license is also required for the person acting as a promoter / liquidator.  Once administered, the license is valid for ninety (90) days from the date of application or date of termination as designated on the application.  Contact the agency: 860-713-6100 or trade.practices@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dcp 

In addition to the state license application, a municipal license is required and must be filed with the town. 

The following information is a very basic and general guideline for an existing Connecticut based business that plans to open a subsidiary.  Subsidiaries may be established as any business structure and as a separate entity from the existing business.  It is strongly recommended to consult with an attorney and tax accountant when forming a subsidiary.  

If forming a separate business entity/structure please refer to the registration outline provided in the FAQs on www.advancect.com 

Each state agency handles registrations differently and should be contacted directly.  Most agencies provide information on their websites. 

All businesses that open a subsidiary using a name that is different from the registered name must file a trade name certificate (DBA) with the town clerk in the town in which the business is operating.

If operating a business structure that requires registration with the Secretary of the State (limited liability company, limited liability partnership, limited partnership, corporation), you may need to file an amendment with the agency.  An amendment may need to be filed if you provided a very strict description versus a generic description in defining the nature of business when the business originally filed with the agency.  Contact the agency:  (860) 509-6002 or crd@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/sots

The Connecticut Department of Revenue Services requires the business to fill out a new REG-1and compose a letter stating the type of change and the reason for change.  (A sub-number for the existing state tax id number will be assigned for the new location.  The original tax id number remains the same however will end in (001)). Include the business name(s), structure, existing state tax ID number and nature of the new and existing business.  Fax to 860-297-4797 or mail to Attention:  Registration Unit, Department of Revenue Services, 25 Sigourney Street, Hartford, CT  06106.  Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), 860-297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

The Connecticut Department of Labor requires the business to compose a letter stating the type of change and the reason for change.  Include the business name(s), structure, existing ID number and nature of the new and existing business.  Fax ((860) 263-6567) or mail to Employer Status Unit, 200 Folly Brook Blvd., Wethersfield, CT 06109.  Contact the agency:  (860) 263-6550 or dol.webhelp@ct.gov or visit www.ctdol.state.ct.us

According to the U.S. Internal Revenue Services (IRS) file a new SS-4 form (Federal Employer Id Number) and compose a letter stating the type of change and the reason for change.  Include the business name(s), structure, existing Federal Employer ID Number and nature of the new and existing business.  Fax ((631) 447-8960) or mail the to EIN Operation, Holtsville, NY 00501.  Contact the agency: 1-800-829-1040 or 1-800-829-4933 or visit www.irs.gov

All foreign workers that secure employment in the United States need approval through several government agencies, including but not limited to the U.S. Department of Labor, Connecticut Department of Labor, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, and U.S. Department of State. The approval process starts with obtaining the correct labor certification through the U.S. Department of Labor.

The Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.) regulates the admission of foreign workers into the United States. The INA designates the Attorney General and the U.S. Department of State as the principal administrators of its provisions.

U.S. Department of Labor offers information on Hiring Foreign Workers - Foreign Labor Certification .

• Labor Certifications:
  • H-1B - Specialty (Professional) Worker 
    A specialty occupation requires the theoretical and practical application of a body of specialized knowledge and a bachelor's degree or the equivalent in the specific specialty (e.g., engineering, mathematics, physical sciences, computer sciences, medicine and health care, education, biotechnology, and business specialties, etc.).
  • H-2A Certification for Temporary or Seasonal Agricultural Work
    The H-2A temporary agricultural program establishes a means for agricultural employers who anticipate a shortage of domestic workers to bring nonimmigrant foreign workers to the U.S. to perform agricultural labor or services of a temporary or seasonal nature.
  • H-2B Certification for Temporary Nonagricultural Work
    The H-2B nonimmigrant program permits employers to hire foreign workers to come to the U.S. and perform temporary nonagricultural work, which may be one-time, seasonal, peak load or intermittent.
  • D-1 Crew Members Certification 
    Performance of longshore work at U.S. ports by D-1 crewmembers on foreign vessels is generally prohibited with few exemptions
• Non Certification Employment Visas:
  For information regarding other employment based visas which do not require Department of Labor certification contact the U.S. Department of State or the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services

Excerpt taken from the Connecticut Secretary of the State's FAQ page:

A registered agent is a responsible third-party who is registered in the same state in which a business entity was established and who is designated to receive service of process notices and correspondence on behalf of the corporation or LLC.  SCORE, a resource partner of the United States Small Business Administration, provides a detailed explanation as to the state requirement for the appointment for an agent for service of process.  

Who can I appoint as the agent for my business entity? 

• You can serve as your own agent if you are a resident of Connecticut
• Any Connecticut resident age 18 or older
• Another business entity registered with our office that has a Connecticut address
• Secretary of the State (Foreign entities only)

Why does my agent need to accept appointment? 

In Connecticut, your registered agent is required to sign your formation document and change of agent as proof of consent. If the agent does not sign, your formation document will not be accepted. If an agent is a business, the person signing on behalf of the entity must print their name and title next to their signature. For customers that file their formation documents online, the agent must respond to an email accepting appointment.

How do I change my Agent for Service?

An agent change can be filed online by completing a Change of Agent form. The online version will require the new agent to accept the appointment (by email) and the filing must be reviewed and accepted before it becomes effective.

Professional corporations (PC) are governed by Chapter 594a of the Connecticut General State Statutes.  When forming a professional corporation, one should consult Chapter 601 which governs the formation of corporations in general.  Unless there is conflict with Chapter 601, Chapter 594a  takes precedence. 

In addition, the following information provides you with definitions of what is considered professional services.

Sec. 33-182a. Definitions
(1) "Professional service" means any type of service to the public that requires that members of a profession rendering such service obtain a license or other legal authorization as a condition precedent to the rendition thereof, limited to the professional services rendered by dentists, natureopaths, chiropractors, physicians and surgeons, physician assistants, doctors of dentistry, physical therapists, occupational therapists, podiatrists, optometrists, nurses, nurse-midwives, veterinarians, pharmacists, architects, professional engineers, or jointly by architects and professional engineers, landscape architects, real estate brokers, insurance producers, certified public accountants and public accountants, land surveyors, psychologists, attorneys-at-law, licensed marital and family therapists, licensed professional counselors and licensed clinical social workers.
(2) "Professional corporation" means (A) a corporation which is organized under this chapter for the sole and specific purpose of rendering professional service and which has as its shareholders only individuals who themselves are licensed or otherwise legally authorized to render the same professional service as the corporation, (B) a corporation which is organized under this chapter for the sole and specific purpose of rendering professional services rendered by members of two or more of the following professions: Psychology, marital and family therapy, social work, nursing, professional counseling and psychiatry and that has as its shareholders only individuals who themselves are licensed or otherwise legally authorized to render one of the professional services for which the corporation was specifically incorporated, (C) a corporation which is organized under this chapter for the sole and specific purpose of rendering professional services by physicians specializing in ophthalmology and optometrists and that has as its shareholders only individuals who themselves are licensed or otherwise legally authorized to render one of the professional services for which the corporation was specifically incorporated, (D) a corporation which is organized under this chapter for the sole and specific purpose of rendering professional services by (i) physicians, and (ii) physician assistants or advanced practice registered nurses, or both, and that has as its shareholders only individuals who themselves are licensed or otherwise legally authorized to render one of the professional services for which the corporation was specifically incorporated, or (E) a corporation which is organized under this chapter for the sole and specific purpose of rendering professional services by physicians and chiropractors and that has as its shareholders only individuals who themselves are licensed or otherwise legally authorized to render one of the professional services for which the corporation was specifically incorporated.
(3) "Shareholder" means the holder of any shares of the capital stock of a professional corporation. The shareholders of a professional corporation may be designated as "members" in its certificate of incorporation, bylaws and other corporate documents and may be referred to, for all purposes, as "members", whether or not so designated; and the term "shareholder" or "shareholders", when used in the general statutes in reference to the shareholders of a professional corporation, shall include such "members".

Our office strongly recommends consulting with legal counsel when forming a professional corporation.

A Connecticut employer is defined as having an employee whom you pay Connecticut wages whether or not you are required to withhold Connecticut income tax.

The following are requirements to be in full compliance as an employer:

Withholding Income Tax
All Connecticut employers are required to withhold Connecticut income tax. Employers must file with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services for withholding tax. Please contact the Department of Revenue Services (DRS) at (860) 297-5962 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs*
Publication
* Employer's Tax Guide 2019

Unemployment Insurance (Tax)
Connecticut employers must register for the state unemployment tax with the Connecticut Department of Labor.  For more information please review the Unemployment Compensation Law Guideline, or contact the Department of Labor at (860) 263-6000.
Publications
* Employer's Guide to Unemployment Compensation
* Labor posters

Federal Employer Tax ID Number (new employers/if you do not have one already)
If your business does not already have an Employer ID Number (EIN) with the IRS, obtain an EIN to  register for federal income tax reporting purposes. Some banks may require an EIN even if a business owner is not hiring. For more information please contact the Internal Revenue Service at 1-800-829-4933 or visit www.irs.gov/.
Publication
*  Circular E - Employer's Tax Guide

Workers’ Compensation Insurance
Connecticut employers are also required to obtain workers’ compensation insurance through a private insurance company. Some businesses, such as those established as a sole proprietor or a single member LLC are excluded from requiring workers’ compensation coverage; however, business entities such as a corporation, multi-member LLC, LLP, LP or general partnership are required to apply for workers’ compensation. Some exclusions may apply by filling form 6Bfound under Resources. Please contact the Workers’ Compensation Commission at 1-800-223-9675 or visit wcc.state.ct.us/ for more information.

Employee Eligibility Verification
All U.S. employers must verify that employees for hire are eligible to work in the United States. Verification must be done on all potential employees both citizen and noncitizen alike. Employees and employers must each complete the I-9 Employment Eligibility Verification form. For more information please contact the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services at 1-800-375-5283 or visit www.uscis.gov/.

NOTE: If your company has physical presence, you will need to register either as a domestic or foreign business entity doing business in Connecticut. 

In Summary:

Any business activity (sale of products and/or services) with a physical presence in Connecticut, requires business registration either as a domestic (formed in Connecticut) or a foreign (outside of Connecticut) entity. 

Consider a business name that is unique and verify no other business is using the name.

Find a perfect location for your business

Consider local requirements

Depending on business structure register with the town clerk or Secretary of the State

Register for your state and federal tax id numbers

Detailed Instruction: (follow in the order presented)

Step 1 - Business Name

Choose and verify that the business name you choose is available to use. 

Step 2 - Find a Location

*  Business registration is location specific.
*  Be certain that the address used on the registration applications is an active address to receive mail.
*  If you require assistance in finding a location, CTSiteFinder.com is a free service to assist businesses in finding a location. 

Step 3 - Local Considerations

• Contact the municipal (city or town) offices including planning and zoning for zoning regulations.  In some instances, the local health and fire official
• Tradename certificate (often referred to as a DBA or fictitious name) with the town clerk - applies to sole proprietors and general partnerships
• Even if your business does not plan to have an office or facility in Connecticut, depending on the nature of the work being performed in Connecticut, local permitting may be required.

Step 4 - Register Your Business Structure 

If you are not certain as to which business structure to chose, we recommend that you speak with both a business attorney and tax accountant.  The following link provides a brief overview.

Connecticut Secretary of the State
Contact: (860) 509-6002 or crd@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/SOTS

• Applicable business structures:
  Domestic and foreign corporation (stock and non-stock), LLC, LLP, LP
• How to Apply:
  Online filing is available for most forms or forms can be downloaded and mailed/faxed (review guidelines and cover sheet, credit card payments are accepted).  Forms can be expedited for a fee of $50 per form.
  
  NOTE:  You DO NOT need to file the name reservation form if you are prepared to presently file the organization documents.  Name reservation is available to those businesses wishing to hold a name until they are ready to organize. The reservation is good for 120 days and will require you to refile if you need more than 120 days.
   
• Form Name & Fees:

Domestic (within Connecticut) - Fees and Form Names
*  Stock Corporation – file Certificate of Incorporation ($100), Franchise Tax ($150) and Organizational Report ($150) - see Chapter 601
* Non-stock Corporation – file Certificate of Incorporation ($50) and Organizational Report ($50) (nonprofit) - see Chapter 601
* Limited Liability Company (LLC)– file Certificate of Organization ($120) - see Chapter 613a
* Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) – file Certificate of Limited Liability Partnership ($120) - see Chapter 614
* Limited Partnership (LP) – file Certificate of Limited Partnership ($120)
* Religious Organization or Society ($50)

Foreign (out-of-state and international) - Fees and Form Names
* Stock Corporation - file Certificate of Authority ($385) - see Chapter 601, Sec. 99-920
* Non-Stock Corporation – file Certificate of Authority ($40) - see Chapter 601, Sec. 99-920
* Limited Liability Partnership – file Certificate of Authority ($120) - see Chapter 614
* Limited Liability Company – file Certificate of Registration ($120) - see Chapter 613

• Annual Report
  Businesses filed with the Connecticut Secretary of the State must file an annual report. 
   

Other Documentation to Support Business Structure

• * Corporation
  • By-laws
  • Initial and annual director and shareholder meetings
  • Minutes of the meetings
  • Stock to shareholders and any transfers
• * LLC
  • Operating agreement
  • Annual meeting with members and minutes
  • Membership shares and and transfer of shares
• * LLP and LP
  • Partnership agreement
  • Annual meeting with members and minutes
  • Partnership shares and and transfer of shares

Town Clerk
Contact: Town Clerk of the town in which the business is based

• Applicable business structures:
  sole proprietors and general partnerships and any other entity wanting to add a DBA (doing business as)
• How to Apply:
  Visit the local town clerk's office.  Forms are supplied by the town
• Form Name & Fees:
  Trade name certificate (DBA).  Cost varies according to town.
  No filing with the Connecticut Secretary of the State is required.

Step 5 - Register for Your Tax ID Numbers

Federal - U.S. Internal Revenue Services
Contact: 1-800-829-4933 or visit www.irs.gov 

• Applicable to:
  Banking purposes, businesses seeking to hire employees, nonprofits and s-corporation
• How to Apply:
  * Online or using paper copy
  * Nonprofits - review Tax Information for Charities & Other Non-Profits.  File tax exempt application form: (filed within 15 months of approval of Articles of Incorporation).  Be prepared to attach copies of the corporate bylaws and other supportive documents as outlined in the instructions.
  * S-corporations must file additional documentation.
• Form Name & Fees:
  *  Federal Employer Tax Id Number (FEIN).  No fee.
• Publications:
  *  Circular E - Employer's Tax Guide
  *  Tax Information for Charities & Other Non-Profits

State - Connecticut Department of Revenue Services
Contact: 860-297-5962, 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), bond hotline 860-541-7538 or drs@ct.gov .  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

• Applicable to:
  Corporation tax, Pass Through (Income) Entity Tax (multi-member LLCs, LLPs, LPs and S-corporations), Sales and Use Tax, Income Tax, Out-of-State Contractor Bond, other
• How to Apply:
  Online or mail in form
• Form Name & Fees:
  * REG-1 and Instructions.  $100 if applying for Sales and Use Tax
  * Depending on the nature of your business activity additional forms/addendums are required
  * Out-of-state construction contractors, regardless of the nature of the real property affected or the tax-exempt status of the property owner, must obtain bonding - either a guarantee or cash bond.
• Publications:
  * Pass Through Entity Tax (Income)
  * Getting Started In Business - IP 2018(5)
  * Employer's Tax Guide - IP 2019(1)
  * Building Contractor's Guide - IP 2018(2)
  * Nonresident Contractor Bonds and Deposits - SN 2012(2) 

State - Connecticut Department of Labor
Contact:  860-263-6550 (Employer Status), 860-263-6567 (Fax) or dol.webhelp@ct.gov.  Visit:  www.ctdol.state.ct.us. 

• Applicable To:
  Firms hiring employees
• How to Apply:
  Online or mail in form
• Form Name & Fees:
  UC-1A or UC-1A(NP - Non-Profit).  No fee.
• Publications:
  Employer's Guide to Unemployment Compensation
  Labor posters

Step 6 - Obtain Insurance

Obtain Workers' Compensation Insurance
*  Secure workers' compensation insurance through a private insurance company. (fees vary)
*  With the exception of sole proprietorships or single member LLCs, businesses are required to obtain workers' compensation insurance even if they do not hire employees.  However, such organizations can exclude themselves from coverage by filing form 6B.
*  Further assistance is provided through Connecticut's Workers' Compensation Commission
Contact: 1-800-223-9675 or wcc.chairmansoffice@po.state.ct.us.  Agency web site: wcc.state.ct.us

Other Insurance
It is strongly recommended that businesses contact their insurance agent to inquire about proper insurance coverage in addition to workers' compensation insurance.

OTHER

Licensing
Additional licensing requirements may apply depending on the nature of the work performed or products sold.  Search our licensing database and frequently asked questions to learn more contact Connecticut's Business Helpline - 800-392-2122. 

Hiring Foreign Employees
Be familiar with U.S. immigration obligations and obtain proper VISAs from the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.  Contact: 1-800-375-5283 or visit https://uscis.gov

Record Keeping
Be certain to keep all records of your filing history including initial confirmation and official registration notices, document your registration numbers, online log in usernames and passwords.  Make special notes in your calendar for due dates for annual report filings, tax reporting, renewal periods.  If you change your business address or email address, business name or structure notify all agencies in which you hold a registration or license. 

Business Resources:

• Connecticut SBA - Small Business Resource Guide 
• AdvanceCT 
• CTNext's Resource Wizard 
• SiteFinder
• Research (Data) Services & Town Profiles
• Connecticut Data Collaborative

Business Counseling:

• Small Business Administration
• SCORE 
• Connecticut Small Business Development Center (SBDC)
• Entrepreneurial Center
• Women's Business Development Council

Disclaimer: 
Business Services at AdvanceCT provides new, expanding and relocating businesses with information to guide you through the licensing and registration process in order to conduct business in Connecticut.  We are not a processing or counseling agency and we are prohibited from offering legal advice and accounting services.  However, we are available to assist you in answering general questions and filling out agency application forms.

Lawyer (Connecticut Bar Association) and accounting referral (Connecticut Society of Certified Public Accountants) services available online.

Increasingly businesses and individuals alike are subject to fraudulent activity and identity theft.  Do you know what to do and how to report such activity?  Below are suggested resources:

• First and foremost, be sure to file a police report with your local police department.
• Visit the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection's web page detailing how to handle fraud and scams.
• Place a free, 90-day fraud alert by contacting one of the three credit bureaus.  Once you notify one bureau, that company must tell the other two.
  • Experian.com/fraudalert or call 1-888-397-3742
  • TransUnion.com/fraud or call 1-800-680-7289
  • Equifax.com/CreditReportAssistance or call 1-888-766-0008
• Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
  • Phone scams should be reported to the Federal Trade Commission. Use the “FTC Complaint Assistant” on FTC.gov.
  • Identity Theft can be reported through the FTC website www.Identitytheft.gov 
• Many of the agencies in which you hold a business registration or license has their own process
  • Internal Revenue Services
    • Contact the Treasury Inspector General for Tax Administration to report a phone scam. Use their “IRS Impersonation Scam Reporting” web page. You can also call 800-366-4484.
    • Identity theft
    • Reporting suspected fraud
    • Phishing and online scams
  • Connecticut Department of Revenue Services
    • Reporting tax fraud
  • Connecticut Department of Labor
    • Benefits Payment Control Unit

The Small Business Administration, along with Connecticut resource partners, offers business counseling services (most free of charge) for new, established and expanding businesses.  Listed below are the many options available.

• Small Business Administration
• Small Business Development Center
• SCORE
• Women’s Business Development Council
• Entrepreneurial Center

There are also some online tools available through the Small Business Administration’s website for business planning.

*Physical Presence means:

• Connecticut location with an associated street address (including home based office)
• Employee actively selling in-person to clients in the state (out-of-state and instate residents)
• Company vehicles delivering products/services to customers in the state.  Does not include common carriers such as UPS, FedEx and etc..  
• In the situation where no transactions physically occur within the state, no registration or licensing is required.  This also holds true for a company that hires a Connecticut resident to perform a function which does not include selling products or services to Connecticut customers.  For example, an employee offering administrative support or other services which are specialized for the offices based in another state. Or, an out-of-state company that sells strictly by the internet and uses a common carrier to deliver their product or service.
• If you are still uncertain, we recommend consulting a business attorney.

If your company determines that physical presence exists, the following link provides you access to a business registration outline.

https://www.sba.gov/business-guide/grow-your-business/veteran-owned-businesses

The Connecticut Department of Agriculture provides guidance on licensing requirements for farmers including aquaculture and hemp growers.  Licensing is dependent on the types of products produced and sold.  If manufacturing or distributing products, such as feed or fertilizer, additional registrations may be required.  For further business development assistance, contact the agency at (860) 713-2500 or aglicensing@ct.gov   or visit https://portal.ct.gov/doag.

Additional Agencies

Connecticut Agriculture Experiment Station, Office of State Entomologist oversees licensing, inspection and regulations for nursery stock (trees, shrubs and vines grown for commercial use); arborists; nurseries, pesticide applicators and pest alerts  Contact the agency: (203) 974-8474 Victoria.Smith@ct.gov or visit www.ct.gov/caes.

The Connecticut Cooperative Extension System through the University of Connecticut provides guidelines and resources for hydroponic (water) farming. Contact: (860) 486-9228 or extension@uconn.edu or visit www.extension.uconn.edu/ 

The Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection regulates activities that may impact the state's natural resources and environment.  The agency administers permitting programs that protect the state's resources.  Review Permits and Licenses and contact the agency at (860) 424-3003 or dep.webmaster@ct.gov or visit www.ct.gov/dep.

Farm vehicles need to be registered through the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles.  Contact: (860) 263-5700 or 800-842-8222 or mail@ct.gov or visit www.ct.gov/dmv.

Farmer's are eligible for the Farmer Tax Exemption Permit by submitting REG-8 when applying for the Sales and Use Tax Certificate with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services.  Contact: 800-382-9463 or (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Farmers that are issued a Farmer Tax Exemption Permit by DRS can make purchases of goods (not services) to be used exclusively in agricultural production by presenting a current permit to the retailer. Permits are issued for a two-year period and are valid from October 1 until September 30. Farmers may use the permit as a Blanket Certificate and may use it to make qualifying purchases for the entire period from the same retailer.Start-up farmers may be able to obtain an exemption permit. See Informational Publication 2018(19), Farmer’s Guide to Sales and Use Taxes, Motor Vehicle Fuels Tax, Estimated Income Tax, and Withholding Tax.

Other Agriculture Programs
Northeast Organic Farming Association of Connecticut (NOFA).  Contact: (203) 888-5146 or ctnofa@ctnofa.org or visit www.ctnofa.org.
For details and information on various agricultural programs at other state universities, contact the universities directly.

Farmers Opening Wineries and Brew Pubs

See FAQ entitled What licenses are required for a winery and/or brewery?

Additional Information:

See FAQ entitled What Resources are available for Connecticut's agricultural industry?

The following agencies oversee and license the manufacturing and sale of alcoholic beverages:

The Liquor Control Division of the  Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection requires a liquor permit. Contact: (860) 713-6210 or dcp.liquorcontrol@ct.gov  Visit: portal.ct.gov/dcp

The distribution of alcoholic beverages requires a surety or cash bond (Form OR-131) from the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services.  Once bond is obtained, file for sales and use tax and then Addendum D Alcoholic Beverage Distributors License.  Also, wineries file form REG-15 - Small Winery Certificate. Review the following publications/information:

• Direct Shipment of Wine to Connecticut Consumers
• Farmer's Guide to Sales and Use Taxes, Motor Vehicle Fuels Tax, Estimated Income Tax, and Withholding Tax
  Contact: 800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962, (860) 297-4895 (out-of-state shippers), or drs@po.state.ct.us  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

The U.S. Department of Justice Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco & Firearms (www.atf.gov) requires retailers and manufacturers of alcohol (i.e. brew pubs) to register. The Bureau also regulates the operation of distilleries, wineries, and breweries as well as, importers and wholesalers in the industry. Note: as of the 1/1/03, the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB www.ttb.gov), is responsible for all inquiries regarding regulation of the alcohol and tobacco industries imposed on manufacturers and importers of these products.  Contact the agency: 202-453-2000 or ttbquestions@ttb.treas.gov

Are farms required to be licensed/registered?
 
The Connecticut Department of Agriculture provides guidance on licensing requirements for farmers including aquaculture.  Licensing is dependent on the types of products produced and sold.  If manufacturing or distributing products, such as feed or fertilizer, additional registrations may be required.  For further business development assistance, contact the agency at (860) 713-2500 or aglicensing@ct.gov or visit http://portal.ct.gov/doag

Additional Agencies
Connecticut Agriculture Experiment Station, Office of State Entomologist oversees licensing, inspection and regulations for nursery stock (trees, shrubs and vines grown for commercial use); arborists; nurseries, pesticide applicators and pest alerts  Contact the agency: (203) 974-8474 Victoria.Smith@ct.gov or visit www.ct.gov/caes.

The Connecticut Cooperative Extension System through the University of Connecticut provides guidelines and resources for hydroponic (water) farming. Contact: (860) 486-9228 or extension@uconn.edu or visit www.extension.uconn.edu/

The Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection regulates activities that may impact the state's natural resources and environment.  The agency administers permitting programs that protect the state's resources.  Review the "User's Guide" and contact the agency at (860) 424-3003 or dep.webmaster@po.state.ct.us.

Farm vehicles need to be registered through the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles.  Contact: (860) 263-5700 or 800-842-8222 or mail@ct.gov Visit www.ct.gov/dmv

Farmer's are eligible for the Farmer Tax Exemption Permit (form REG-8) and must apply for the Sales and Use Tax Certificate with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services.  Contact: 800-382-9463 or (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs 
 

Other Agriculture Programs
Northeast Organic Farming Association of Connecticut (NOFA).  Contact: (203) 888-5146 or ctnofa@ctnofa.org or visit www.ctnofa.org.
For details and information on various agricultural programs at other state universities, contact the universities directly.

The Connecticut Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Department of Agriculture along with the University of Connecticut's College of Agriculture offers a wealth of information regarding agricultural development in addition to statistics on the industry. It is also important that anyone looking to enter the agricultural industry in Connecticut be familiar with the laws and regulations.

There are multiple sources that provide statistics on Connecticut’s Agriculture/ Greenhouse industry.

• Economic Impacts of Connecticut’s Agriculture Industry
• National Agricultural Statistics
• 2016 State Agriculture Review - Connecticut
• New England Agriculture Statistics

In addition, to support business development there are state funding programs as well as funding through Farm Credit East .  

Details pertaining to Connecticut building codes and permits can be obtain on the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection's website at the following link.

Out-of-state contractors, regardless of the nature of the real property affected or the tax-exempt status of the property owner, must post bond with the Department of Revenue Services. The nonresident contractor must be registered to conduct business in Connecticut.

• Bonding
• IP 2018 (2) Building Contractor's Guide
• SN 20012(2) Nonresident Contractor Bonds and Deposits

Department of Revenue Services
1-800-382-9463 (CT only), 860-297-5962, bond hotline 860-541-7538 or drs@po.state.ct.us  Visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

The Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection (DCP) is authorized to issue licenses for solar-thermal work, solar-electric work and wind-electric work.

Solar thermal work is defined as "the installation, erection, repair, replacement, alteration, or maintenance of active, passive and hybrid solar systems that directly convert ambient energy into heat or convey, store or distribute such ambient energy."

Solar & wind electricity work is defined as "the installation, erection, repair, replacement, alteration, or maintenance of photovoltaic or wind generation equipment used to distribute or store ambient energy for heat, light, power or other purposes to a point immediately inside any structure or adjacent to an end use."

License Types Include: (Application Forms)
* PV-1 Limited Solar Electric Contractor - work limited to solar-electric systems (and wind-energy systems). The requirements to qualify for this license examination are two years as a solar journeyperson or equivalent experience and training.
*  PV-2 Limited Solar Electric Journeyperson - perform solar-electric work (including wind-energy work) only while in the employ of a licensed electrical contractor. The requirements to qualify for this license examination are the completion of a registered apprenticeship program or one year equivalent experience and training.
*  ST-1 Solar Thermal Contractor - perform only work on solar thermal work systems. The requirements to qualify for this license examination are two years as a solar journeyperson or equivalent experience and training.
*  ST-2 Solar Thermal Limited Journeyperson - perform only work on solar thermal systems. The requirements for this exam are the completion of an apprenticeship program administered by the Connecticut Department of Labor, Apprenticeship Training Division. ST-2 work may be performed only under the employment of a licensed solar thermal contractor.

Additional occupational or trade licensing, such as home improvement, plumbing and piping, and electrical contractor  may be required.

Contact the agency for further information at (860) 713-6135 or e-mail dcp.occupationalprofessional@ct.gov.  Visit their web site at https://portal.ct.gov/DCP .  Also review the governing statute information.

Additional Solar and Wind Licensing Information
Visit Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency (DSIRE) website at www.dsireusa.org

Useful Publications:
>  Homebuilder's Guide to Going Solar
Published by the U.S. Department of Energy (www.energy.gov), helps builders assess the benefits of installing solar equipment or making houses "solar ready" to both their business and commercial customers. In the guide, builders will find information on the basics of solar technology, selling points for builders and realtors, a ballpark-cost estimator, and highlights of success stories from builders across the country who have integrated solar into their building plans. It is strongly suggested to review this guide in its entirety.
>  The Connecticut Contractor for Home Improvement and New Home Construction (Department of Consumer Protection)
>  What you Need to Know About Landscape Lighting and Mandatory Licensing (Department of Consumer Protection)
>  Building Contractor's Guide, see page 23 - out-of-state contractor bonding (Department of Revenue Services)

Tax Considerations

The Connecticut Department of Revenue Services requires all contractors to register for the sales and use tax certificate. Services performed on commercial, income producing or non-owner occupied residences are subject to the Connecticut sales tax, however, services performed on owner occupied residential property are not subject to sales tax.  Note: Contractors are considered consumers purchasing materials used in home improvement services and cannot use a resale certificate

In addition, out of state contractors performing services in Connecticut are required to post a bond before performing work in Connecticut.

For more information, see the Building Contractors Guide to sales and use tax and Nonresident Contractor Bonds and Deposits.  Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut Only), (860) 297-5962, (860) 541-7538 (Bond Hotline) or drs@po.state.ct.us.  Visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

According to the U.S. Green Building Council, the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System™ encourages and accelerates global adoption of sustainable green building and development practices through the creation and implementation of universally understood and accepted tools and performance criteria.

LEED is a third-party certification program and the nationally accepted benchmark for the design, construction and operation of high performance green buildings. LEED gives building owners and operators the tools they need to have an immediate and measurable impact on their buildings’ performance. LEED promotes a whole-building approach to sustainability by recognizing performance in five key areas of human and environmental health: sustainable site development, water savings, energy efficiency, materials selection and indoor environmental quality.

Contact: 800-795-1747, (202) 742-3792 or  info@usgbc.org  Visit: https://new.usgbc.org/ 

Also, contact Connecticut Green Building Council via e-mail or visit https://ctgbc.org/

According to the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection a contractor license is not required for commercial buildings. However, a new home construction contractor license is required for residential buildings.  Additionally, trade licensing applies (i.e. plumber, electrician and etc..)   In addition, modular home parks and sellers require a modular manufactured home license.

Contact the agency: (860) 713-6145 or dcp.occupationalprofessional@ct.gov Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dcp

In addition, the local building official must approve the plans and provide a permit.

Welding services may require various licenses through the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection, depending on the type of work performed, 
- Work performed on pipes and other associated fittings and materials may require licensing for heating, cooling and sheet metal and plumbing.
-  Welding performed on the structural integrity of buildings that exceeds the threshold limits provided in section 29-276b requires a major contractor license.
-  A home improvement license is required if performed on owner occupied residential property.

Contact the agency: (860) 713-6135 or license.services@ct.gov  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dcp 

Tax considerations:
The Connecticut Department of Revenue Services requires all contractors to register for the sales and use tax certificate.

Services performed on commercial, income producing or non-owner occupied residences are subject to the Connecticut sales tax, however, services performed on owner occupied residential property are not subject to sales tax.  Note: Contractors are considered consumers purchasing materials used in home improvement services and cannot use a resale certificate

In addition, out of state contractors performing services in Connecticut are required to post a bond before performing work in Connecticut.

For more information, see the Building Contractors Guide to sales and use tax and Nonresident Contractor Bonds and Deposits.  Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut Only), (860) 297-5962, (860) 541-7538 (Bond Hotline) or drs@po.state.ct.us.  Visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Note:  All home construction contractors should consult with the town to obtain appropriate approvals and permits prior to commencing any construction project.

Licensing Agencies

• Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection.
  Contact: 860-713-6135 or dcp.licenseservices@ct.gov Agency website: https://portal.ct.gov/dcp
• Department of Energy and Environmental Protection
  860-424-3374 or dep.webmaster@ct.gov or www.ct.gov/deep
• Department of Public Health
  860-509-7559 or dph.ehlicensing@ct.gov or https://portal.ct.gov/dph
• Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection
  860-685-8046 or https://portal.ct.gov/despp

Licensing

Home construction  requires either a new home construction or home improvement contractor license and possibly a home improvement salesperson license is required with the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection.  Contractors performing both new home construction and home improvement must hold licenses.

Definitions:

• Home improvement is any permanent change to residential property (single or multifamily dwellings of six units or less),  condominiums or common interest communities and you charge more than $1,000 for all your home improvement contracts with all your customers during any 12 consecutive months.
  • Exemptions:
    • if you work only as a subcontractor for a registered home improvement contractor
    • if you only build new houses (requires a new home construction contractor license)
    • if you do only commercial work 
    • if you hold a trade license issued by the state, and the work is within the scope of that license.
  • Additional services that fall under the home improvement license:
    • Painting
    • Power washing (if using chemicals)
    • Destumping
    • Planting trees, shrubs, flowers
    • Lawn maintenance - no license is required if services only include maintenance such as mowing lawns, raking leaves, basic yard clean-up.
    • Outdoor lighting - low voltage - 12 volt and 120 volt lighting with transformer requires an electrical contractor license.  Licensing is not required if lighting is pre-wired/pre-fabricated factory enclosed transformers with any terminations or spliced that can be plugged into an outdoor electrical outlet previously installed by a licensed electrician and individual solar powered lamps.
      
      Note:  Any business that uses chemicals in cleaning, painting or landscaping services requires licensing through the Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection.  Contact the agency: (860) 424-3003 or dep.webmaster@ct.gov.  Agency website:  www.ct.gov/deep  
• Home improvement salesperson is any individual who (A) negotiates or offers to negotiate a home improvement contract with an owner or (B) solicits or otherwise endeavors to procure by any means whatever, directly or indirectly, a home improvement contract from an owner on behalf of a contractor.
• New home construction is any work performed to construct a new home or any portion of a new home - single family dwelling, two family unit, condominium unit. A new home construction contractor license is required.
  • Exemptions:
    • Homeowners applying for their own home construction
    • Realtors engaging in work under Chapter 392 of the Connecticut General Statutes
    • Mobile home dealers and/or licenses covered under Chapter 412 of the Connecticut General Statutes
    • Persons holding a professional or occupational license, registration or certificate, provided said person engages in said work for which said person is licensed, registered and certified
    • New home construction contractors who engage in one or more contracts related to the same new home with an aggregate value of less than $3,500
    • Salespeople

If the consumer is acting as his or her own general contractor for the purpose of building or improving their own home, each contractor not holding a specific trade license for the work they perform must be registered as a new home contractor, when they enter into a contract with the consumer.  This means all framers, foundation workers, sheetrockers, carpet installers, etc. must be registered as a new home contractor.

Publications:

• The Connecticut Contractor for Home Improvement and New Home Construction
• What You Need To Know About Landscape Lighting and Mandatory Licensing
• A Home Builder's Guide to Going Solar
• Installing Irrigation Systems
• Underground Storage Tank Removal

Additional related home construction licenses:

• Arborist
• Asbestos
• Crane and conveyor (work performed on the crane/conveyor - Department of Consumer Protection)
• Demolition (Class A & B - Department of Construction Services)
• Electrical
• Elevator 
• Fire protection
• Glaziers (glass)
• Hearth product (propane stove and fireplace)
• Heating, piping and cooling
• Home inspection
• Interior design
• Irrigation
• Landscape architect
• Lead
• Locksmiths
• Operating stationary engineer
• Plumbing and pipefitting
• Sheet metal including ductwork
• Solar energy (see below for more details)
• Pesticide applicator (individual and business)
• Pool and spa maintenance and repair
• TV, radio and electronics
• Underground storage tank removal
• Welding, valves and machinist
• Well drilling

Tax considerations

The Connecticut Department of Revenue Services requires all contractors to register for the sales and use tax certificate.

Services performed on commercial, income producing or non-owner occupied residences are subject to the Connecticut sales tax, however, services performed on owner occupied residential property are not subject to sales tax.  Note: Contractors are considered consumers purchasing materials used in home improvement services and cannot use a resale certificate

In addition, out of state contractors performing services in Connecticut are required to post a bond before performing work in Connecticut.For more information, see the Building Contractors Guide to sales and use tax and Nonresident Contractor Bonds and Deposits.  Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut Only), (860) 297-5962, (860) 541-7538 (Bond Hotline) or drs@po.state.ct.us.  Visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

According to the Connecticut Department of Transportation no occupational or trade license is required for a flag person ("flagger").  However, the agency requires training which is provided by American Traffic Safety Services Association or National Safety Council. The guidelines and regulations vary depending on whether the work is being carried out on a state roadway or a municipal roadway.  The type of contract determines what type of permit is issued.  Contact the agencies:

Connecticut Department of Transportation:  (860) 594-2685 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dot
American Traffic Safety Services Association:  (540) 368-1701,  800-272-8772 (toll free), 877-642-4637 (training department) or visit www.atssa.com
National Safety Council:  (630) 285-1121, 800-621-7619 (toll free) or visit www.nsc.org

Connecticut does not require individuals or companies who remediate mold to hold a license.  However, there are organization, such as the National Association of Mold Professionals, that have developed certification programs for professionals in the trade.  

The Connecticut Department of Public Health offers information specific to mold on their website.  For more details review the information in the following link, call the agency at 860-509-7742 or contact your local health official. 

Judgment recovery / collections requires a Consumer Collections Agency license through the Department of Banking.  Contact: 860-240-8200 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dob.

The National Judgment Network (https://.nationaljudgment.net) provides information on training to become a judgment recovery agent.  Contact:  use online inquiry form.

According to the Connecticut Department of Insurance (www.ct.gov/cid), a title agent license is no longer required in Connecticut.  However, no person may act as a title agent unless he/she is a commissioner of the Connecticut Superior Court.  It is recommend that you contact the Connecticut Judicial Statewide Grievance Committee (www.jud.ct.gov/SGC) to determine if there are any restrictions at (860) 568-5157 or statewide.grievance@jud.ct.gov.

 
Also, refer to Connecticut General Statute §38a-401.

Extended warranty contracts which provide an insurance component rather than service only are regulated through the Property and Casualty Division of the Connecticut Department of Insurance.  

According to the Conn. Gen. Stat. 42-260 extended warranties are defined as "a contract agreement to either perform or provide indemnification for the repair, replacement or maintenance of a product because of operational or structural failure of such product due to a defect in materials, skill or workmanship or normal wear and tear given for consideration over and above the lease or purchase price of a product" 

As of July 1, 2003, contracts for the repair, replacement or maintenance of automobiles are considered to be extended warranty contracts.

The law does not apply to extended warranties through major credit cards, home warranty or home service warranties which are governed by Conn. Gen. Stat. 38a-320. 

Providers of extended warranty contracts must be insured through an extended warranty reimbursement insurance policy sold through an authorized insurance provider.  Or, the provider must demonstrate that reserves for claims, as stated in providers financial statements, do not exceed one-half of a providers net worth.

Additional information is available by contacting the agency at 800-203-3447, 860-297-3800 or cid.licensing@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/cid .  Also, review Bulletin PC-45-03.

Accountants are licensed through the Connecticut State Board of Accountancy.   However, no license is required to perform bookkeeping / office management services. For more information contact the agency at (860) 509-6179 or dcp.licensecpa@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dcp. 

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, unless the core business provides accounting services to corporations, there is no sales tax consideration.  Bookkeeping is not considered a taxable service.  However, office management services falls under the category of "business management" which is considered taxable.  The business must obtain a sales and use tax certificate. In addition, paid preparers and facilitators need to register.  Contact the agency at 800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

It is highly recommended that one speak with a business attorney or tax accountant when forming a social or investment club, even if the club is considered an informal gathering.  Some clubs choose to organize as a nonprofit corporation in order to limit the liability for individual club members, especially when fund raising. 

Social Clubs
Typically no license is required for a social club.

Investment Clubs
According to the Connecticut Department of Banking there is no special license required for investment clubs so long as there is no compensation for performing the service of investing money.  Investment clubs are typically comprised of friends forming an informal group which decides how to invest the pooled money. 

If a business structure is formed and some form of compensation is received for the investment act(s), a Securities Investment Advisor Agent registration  is required.  Contact the agency: (860) 240-8230 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dob

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, club dues and fees are subject to state sales tax.  Register to for the sales and use tax certificate.   Contact the agency:  1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut Only), (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

For your reference:
Connecticut Society of Certified Public Accountants (www.cscpa.org) offers an accounting referral service
Connecticut Bar Association (www.ctbar.org) offers a lawyer referral service.

Credit counseling services requires a Debt Adjuster license through the Connecticut Department of Banking.

A Debt Negotiation license is required if services are offered for a fee or with the expectation of a fee, commission or other valuable consideration, to assist a debtor in negotiating or attempting to negotiate on behalf of a debtor the terms of a debtor's obligations with one or more mortgagees or creditors of the debtor, including the negotiation of short sales of residential property or foreclosure rescue services.

Contact the agency: (860) 240-8200 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dob

According to the Connecticut State Law Library, estate planning does not require licensing.  It is suggested to consult with an attorney for further guidance.

However, services that include investment advice requires a Securities, Investment Advisor license with the Connecticut Department of Banking.  Contact the agency: (860) 240-8230 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dob

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, investment advice for the buying and selling of stocks, securities or annuities on behalf of a firm or client is not considered taxable.  Additionally providing advice in connection with the sale, acquisition and financing of real estate assets is not considered taxable.  For more information refer to PS 92(9) Sales and Use Taxes on Investment Banking and Advisory Services.  Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only) or (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs.

According to the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection, tax preparers (third party / bulk filers) are not required to be certified public accountants.  However, the tax preparer is not permitted to represent themselves as certified public accountants or professional accountants which are licensed through the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection. Contact the agency: 860-509-6179 or dcp.licensecpa@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dcp

Register with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services (DRS) as a Third Party/Bulk Filer (TPBF).  Paid preparers and facilitators need to register with DRS.  Review SN 2017(8) for details. Contact the agency: 800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us ir visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs
Note: Persons registered as Third Party/Bulk Filers are not given the authority to act as agents of the Department of Revenue Services.

According to the U.S. Internal Revenue Services (IRS), federal tax return preparers will be required to obtain a preparer tax identification number (PTIN).  Additional regulations for preparers who are not attorneys, public accountants and enrolled agents, are being considered including competency tests and continued professional education.  For more information please review  Publication 4832, Return Preparer Review.

Pet Insurance is included in Property & Casualty authority with the Connecticut Insurance Department.

• Residents are required to complete the pre-licensing course, then pass an exam prior to submitting the application.
• Non-Residents need to hold the Property & Casualty authority in their resident state before they could apply for a non-resident license.

Applications are  provided online by the National Insurance Producer Registry (NIPR).  Prometric provides the Licensing Handbook and schedules exams.

Consult with local officials regarding the town permitting process including but not limited to planning and zoning, fire, and health.

All manufacturers are subject to:
>  Environmental review
 The Connecticut Department of Energy &  Environmental Protection regulates activities that may impact the state's natural resources and environment and administers permitting programs that protect the state's resources by regulating the emissions of pollutants, facility operations, and land use activities.

Contact the agency at 860-424-3003 or deep.webmaster@ct.gov.  Visit www.ct.gov/deep  and view the Where to Begin: DEEP's Environmental Permitting Process.

>  Sales and use tax registration
Register for the sales and use tax and be familiar with the resale certificate with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services.  As a manufacturer, there are tax exempt products that your business can purchase for the purpose of production.  For further explanation and details regarding products and services that are exempt / nonexempt from sales tax read Sales & Use Taxes Guide for Manufacturers, Fabricators & Processors.  

Contact the agency: 800-382-9463, (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Food:
>  The Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection offers a resource page on their website for things you need to know when starting a food business.   In addition, licensing is required for: food manufacturing establishments,  bakeries, frozen dessert manufacturers, bottlers (including water and nonalcoholic beverages) apple juice / cider manufacturers, scales and liquor.

Contact the agency:   Food and Standards Division (860-713-6160 or dcp.foodstandards@ct.gov) or Liquor Control Division (860-713-6210 or dcp.liquorcontrol@ct.gov) or visit https://portal.ct.gov/DCP .

>  Food labeling requirements for food produced is under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Food and Drug Compliance Division. Smaller businesses with low volume may apply for a labeling exemption.  Contact the agency at 240-402-2375 or industry@fda.gov or visit www.fda.gov.  In addition, the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection can provide insight through their Food and Standards Division.  Call 860-713-6167 or dcp.foodstandards@ct.gov or visit www.ct.gov/dcp

>  According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 (register with the Secretary of the FDA. For a foreign facility, the registration must include the name of the U.S. agent for the facility.  Call 1-800-216-7331 or register online or via mail.

>  The distribution of alcoholic beverages requires a surety or cash bond (Form OR-131, contact agency for form) with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services. Once the bond is obtained, file for sales and use tax and then Addendum D Alcoholic Beverage Distributors License. Wineries file form REG-15 - Small Winery Certificate. Farmers can apply for a Farmer Tax Exemption Permit by filing REG-8.  Review the following publications/information:
> Direct Shipment of Wine to Connecticut Consumers
> Farmer's Guide to Sales and Use Taxes, Motor Vehicle Fuels Tax, Estimated Income Tax, and Withholding Tax

Contact the agency: 800-382-9463, (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Tobacco and Related Products:
>  The U.S. Department of Treasury, Alcohol and Tobacco Tax & Trade Bureau requires permits.  The Bureau fields all inquiries in regards to regulating the alcohol and tobacco industries. Permits are required if manufacturing tobacco products including cigarette papers and tubes, importing/exporting tobacco products, or operating an export warehouse or tobacco plant warehouse.  Contact the agency 860-240-3400 or visit www.ttb.gov. 

>  Register with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services for the Cigarette & Tobacco Products Tax by filing Addendum A after applying for the sales and use tax.
Contact the agency: 800-382-9463, (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Cosmetics and drugs (including soap):
>  Manufacturing and the labeling of drugs and cosmetics are under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).  Contact the FDA: 1-888-463-6332 or industry@fda.gov or visit www.fda.gov.

>  Additionally, the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection requires a Manufacturers and wholesalers of Drugs, Cosmetics or Medical Devices license.  Contact the agency:  (860) 713-6065 or drug.control@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/DCP .

Firearms and knives:
>  The Connecticut Department of Emergency Services Public Protection requires an Eligibility Certificate to retail or transfer title of all firearms.  Additionally, if carrying a pistol, a pistol permit is required.  For additional information regarding pistols and other types of firearms, please review the information below.  Contact the agency: (860) 685-8290 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/despp

>  Administered by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives of the U.S. Department of Treasury, the Gun Control Act regulates who can sell pistols and firearms and sets standards for firearms businesses including manufacturers, importers, and dealers.  Contact the agency's Firearms Licensing Center: 1-866-662-2750 or NLC@atf.gov or visit www.atf.gov and view FAQs

Note: The federal government does not issue permits or licenses to carry concealed weapons. Carrying permits are issued by the state or local government.

There are no laws specific to the manufacturing of knives.  However, Connecticut has laws that govern carrying and purchasing / mail ordering knives.

Pesticide Product Registration
>  The Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection requires manufacturers and distributors of pesticide management products to register their products. Contact the agency at 860-424-3324 or bradford.robinson@ct.gov or visit www.ct.gov/deep/pesticide

Recreation vehicles (RV):

>  Register with the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles.  Contact the agency at 860-263-5045 or mail@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dmv

Petroleum Products
The Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, requires vendors to register for the sales and use tax and file Addendum C (Motor Vehicles Fuel Tax  - Petroleum Products Gross Earnings Tax). Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), 860-297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs
 
>  Retail gasoline/home heating dealers register with the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection.  Contact the agency directly by calling: 860-713-6160 or food.standards@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/DCP .

>  Waste Removal/Hauling
Depending on the type of waste the business is transporting, it may require a Waste Transporter Permit with the Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection,  Contact the agency: 860-424-3003, deep.webmaster@ct.gov or visit www.ct.gov/deep and view Where to Begin.

Transportation:
If the manufacturer uses their own trucks to transport goods, there are additional registration requirements for both interstate and intrastate trucking.
* Note: Registration criteria include:
-  The vehicle must have two axils and a registered gross vehicle weight exceeding 26,000 pounds or 11,797 Kilograms
-  Have three or more axils regardless of weight.

Connecticut only:
Register with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services for the Motor Carrier Fuel Tax REG-3MC).  *Please note that the IFTA (International Fuel Tax Agreement) registration is not needed if you are transporting goods within the state border only.

Interstate:
>  Register with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services for the International Fuel Tax Agreement (IFTA).

*Please note that the Motor Carrier Road Tax registration is not needed if you are transporting goods across the state border.

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, transportation services are not subject to the Connecticut sales tax.

Contact the agency at 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only) or 860-297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

>  According to the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles, there is a new federal law, the Unified Carrier Registration Program , that applies to operations involving trucks and busses that travel interstate, involved in international commerce, or if you make the arrangements for the transportation of cargo and goods. Contact the agency 860-263-5281, 1-800-842-8222 or mail@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dmv

>  Obtain a Certificate to Carry Goods Out-of-State application from the Federal Highway Administration and Federal Highway Freight Program by calling 1-800-832-5660.
 

>  If transporting goods, property or merchandise to and between buildings of the same industrial plant, the Connecticut Department of Transportation requires an Industrial Truck Permit.  Contact the agency (860) 594-2878 or email Linda.Hope@po.state.ct.us or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dot
 

Resources.:
U.S. DOT Number application
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations, Rules and Notices

All Trucking Businesses

>  Obtain a commercial driver's license (CDL) from the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles. Contact the agency at 1-800-842-8222 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dot

In addition, contact the Comdata Legal Services to register for a temporary permit by calling 800-749-6058.

>  If transporting hazardous waste in Connecticut, contact the Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection  at 860-424-3366 or deep.webmaster@ct.gov or visit www.ct.gov/deep

>  Transporting oversized/overweight vehicles requires permitting through the Connecticut Department of Transportation.  Information regarding the escort car and flag men is included in the regulations. Contact the agency:  (860) 594-2878 or Linda.Hope@po.state.ct.us or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dot 

Also obtain a flashing light permit from the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles.  Contact the agency 860-263-5281, 1-800-842-8222 or mail@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov.

Manufacturing:
The Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection regulates activities that may impact the state's natural resources and environment. The agency administers permitting programs that protect the state's resources by regulating the emissions of pollutants, facility operations, and land use activities. For assistance in identifying specific permits, contact the  Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection Permitting Office by calling 860-424-3003, dep.webmaster@ct.gov or visit www.ct.gov/deep and view the User's Guide.

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, certain products purchased for the purpose of production are tax exempt.  For further explanation read IP 2009(13) Sales & Use Taxes Guide for Manufacturers, Fabricators & Processors. All manufacturers must obtain a sales and use tax certificate and be familiar with the resale certificate. Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), 860-297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs 
 
Contact the local planning and zoning office for zoning regulations for your location.  Some businesses need to also contact the local health and fire official.

Gasoline and Fuel Licensing:
Retail gasoline and home heating dealers register with the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection.  Contact the agency directly by calling: 860-713-6160 or dcp.foodandstandards@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dcp

The Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, requires vendors to file for the sales and use tax and Addendum C (Motor Vehicles Fuel Tax  - Petroleum Products Gross Earnings Tax). Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), 860-297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs.

Waste Removal/Hauling
Depending on the type of waste the business is transporting, it may require a Waste Transporter Permit with the Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection,  Contact the agency: 860-424-3003, dep.webmaster@ct.gov or visit www.ct.gov/deep and view the User's Guide.

Transportation
If transporting fuel, review - What are the requirements for a trucking company?

First, every company that conducts business in Connecticut is required to register as a business entity.  The following details potential registrations and/or licenses that may apply:

Internal Revenue Services (IRS) 
Requires manufacturers of medical devices to pay an excise tax.  See Publication 510 Tax for Medical Devices 

Food and Drug Administration (FDA) & U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 

• The FDA has primary regulatory responsibility for the food, cosmetic, dietary supplement, pharmaceutical and medical device industries
• All imported FDA and USDA regulated products must comply with the same regulations as domestically produced products. Increased border inspections due to safety concerns have resulted in a growing number of products being held for improper labeling or failure to comply with FDA and USDA regulations.
  • Labeling information is provided for food, cosmetics and drugs (see Chapter 430).

Occupational Safety & Health Administration

• Generators and occupations with exposure to infectious substances and materials must have an Exposure Control Plan (regulations) that is required by OSHA.    In addition, generators are also required to have a written Biomedical Waste Management Plan per Connecticut General Statutes 22a-209-15 (b) (3)&/or (f) (8).  These procedures can be appended to the Exposure Control Plan.
• Contact the agency 203-579-5581 (Bridgeport), 860-240-3152 (Hartford ) or visit www.osha.gov 

Connecticut Department of Energy &  Environmental Protection (DEEP) 

• The agency regulates activities that may impact the state's natural resources and environment and administers permitting programs that protect the state's resources by regulating the emissions of pollutants, facility operations, and land use activities. 
• Manufacturers are required to undergo an environmental review
• Review the User’s Guide
• Manufacturers and distributors of pesticide management products to register their products. Contact the agency at 860-424-3369 or deep.PesticideProgram@ct.gov or visit https://www.ct.gov/deep/pesticides
• Contact the agency’s Ombudsman: 860-424-3003 or dep.webmaster@ct.gov.  www.ct.gov/deep 

Connecticut Department of Revenue Services (DRS)

• Manufacturers must register for the sales and use tax certificate and be familiar with the resale certificate. 
• Review DRS - Publication Getting Started In Business IP 2018(5)
• **If transporting goods within and across state, service is not taxable.  However, additional requirements are outlined in the Transportation section below
• Tax Credits/Exemptions:
  • There are tax exempt products that manufacturers can purchase for the purpose of production.  Review Sales & Use Taxes Guide for Manufacturers, Fabricators & Processors regarding details on products and services that are exempt / non-exempt from sales tax read 
    • Exemptions for sales tax 
    • Review the following link for a full listing of business tax credits
• Contact the agency: 800-382-9463, (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Department of Consumer Protection (DCP)

• Licensing with the Drug Control Division: 
  • Wholesalers and Manufacturers of Drugs, Medical Devices and/or Cosmetics (within and outside of state)
  • Drug Manufacturers of Drugs, Medical Devices and/or Cosemetics (within and outside of state)
  • Medical gas and vacuum systems
  • Laboratories of controlled substances
• Contact the agency: 860-713-6065 or dcp.drugcontrol@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dcp

Department of Public Health (DPH)

• Laboratories require registration if: 
  • Living Agents for Teaching, Research and/or Quality Control Registration
  • Environmental Laboratories
  • Clinical Laboratory Licensure
  • Blood Collection Facilities
  • Prosthetics – does not require a license but the agency does recommend that you seek the assistance of an attorney.
• Contact the agency: 860-509-8000 or oplc.dph@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dph

For transportation of materials, review the FAQ on Transportation

No licensing is required if the business privately owns the property.  In addition, no licensing is required if the business is hired to maintain the grounds, collect rent or perform bookkeeping services but will not be showing property or negotiating leases. 

According to the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection, if a business or individual is hired to perform association management services for a community association, the individual or business (required to be registered if engaging as a legal entity) AND ALL EMPLOYEES engaging in association management services must first obtain a community association management services registration.  A separate registration is required by each individual as well as any legal entity.

In addition, if the business is hired to show apartments/condos, conducts leases and performs other real estate activities, the business must obtain a real estate brokers license and employees of the business must obtain a real estate sales person's license. 

Contact the agency: (860) 713-6150 or dcp.licenseservices@ct.gov.  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dcp

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, the rental and leasing of real property (other than hotels/motels and lodging houses) is not taxable.  Contact the agency: 800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Unless the business plans to import/export alcoholic beverages, which requires a liquor license through the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection, there are no importing licenses.   Contact the agency: (860) 713-6210 or liquor.control@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dcp

However, exporters may require licensing through the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (www.cbp.gov or call (617) 565-6208  or the Bureau of Industry and Security (www.bis.doc.gov/licensing).

If the business plans to import goods for the purpose of reselling to a wholesaler or retailer, contact the U.S. Customs and Border Patrol.  (www.cbp.gov, (617) 565-6208 or 877-227-5511)

Businesses that plan to export may require a Shipper's Export Declaration (SED)  through the U.S. Customs and Border Control (www.cbp.gov, (617) 565-6208 or 877-227-5511)
Resources:
*  U.S. Customs and Border Control (www.cbp.gov)
        Basic Importing and Exporting
        Importing via the internet
        Connecticut Ports of Entry and Service Ports
            Bridgeport: (203-367-9487)
            Hartford:  (860-292-1314) (Service Port)
            New Haven:  (203-773-2040)
            New London :  (860-442-7123)
        Regional Custom and Border Control Field Offices
             Boston  (617-565-6208)
             New York  at John F. Kennedy International Airport (718-733-3100)(Service Port)

*  International Trade Administration (http://trade.gov)

*  Export Assistance Center - services provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce (www.commerce.gov) working in conjunction with the Connecticut Department of Economic and Community Development (www.ct.gov/ecd). Contact the office at 860-638-6950 or visit Export.gov

*  U.S. Small Business Administration (www.sba.gov)

*  Foreign Trade Zones
*  Exporting Sources of Information and Assistance

*  Most book stores and libraries provide books on importing/exporting into the U.S.

Food services including but not limited to restaurants, cafes, coffee houses, delis, clubs, caterers, and food trucks require the following: 

• Obtain a Food Service Certification.  For more information please check with the local health department. Contact: (860) 509-7297, visit www.portal.ct.gov/dph
  
  Check with the local planning and zoning officials in addition to the fire marshal.
   
• Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection requires the following food licenses.
  • Apple Juice & Cider Manufacturer
  • Cottage Food
  • Bakery
  • Egg Distributor
  • Food Manufacturer
  • Food Warehouse
  • Frozen Desserts - Retail and Wholesale
  • Liquor License
  • Non-Alcoholic Beverage Manufacturer
  • Vending Machine Operator

The Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection offers a resource page on their website for things you need to know when starting a food business and the food protection programs.

Contact: 860-713-6160, foodandstandards@ct.gov, visit www.ct.gov/dcp 

• The U.S. Department of Justice's Bureau of Alcohol,Tobacco & Firearms requires retailers to register.  For additional information please contact the district or Connecticut offices.  Agency website:  www.atf.gov
  
  District Offices: Boston (617) 557-1200, New York (718) 650-4000
  Connecticut Offices: Hartford (860) 240-3400,  New Haven (203) 773-2060
  
  As of January 1, 2003 the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), is responsible for all inquiries regarding the alcohol and tobacco industry.  Agency website:  www.ttb.gov
   
• If offering delivery services for the restaurant, the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) requires commercial or mixed plates for the delivery vehicle.  Contact: 860-263-5056, email. visit https://portal.ct.gov/dmv
   
• According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services (DRS), the sale of most food items is subject to sales tax. Therefore, restaurants need to file for a sales and use tax certificate.  If buying products from a wholesaler/distributor for the purpose of resale, restaurants need to acquire a Resale Certificate. For more information review PS 2002(2) Sales and Use Tax on Meals.  Contact: 1-800-382-9463 (instate only)/860-297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us, visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs.

Any business making sales either via the internet or mail order must be registered to conduct business in Connecticut, including the Sales and Use Tax Certificate with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services.  This includes an out-of-state (foreign) business keeping inventory in a fufillment center's warehouse for purpose of distribution.  For example, and out-of-state vendor housing their goods in Amazon's warehouse in Connecticut for purpose of sale to the customer (end-user).  The product is still owned by the business (holds "title") and the end customer is making a transaction with the business (not Amazon) causing the transfer of "title" to occur between customer and business.  Since the business still holds "title" of the warehoused products the business is deemed to have physical presence resulting in the need to register in Connecticut. 

However, recently passed legislation, referred to as the Wayfair law, impacts online retailers in all 50 states, regardless of physical presence.  Be sure to review the information provided in the following FAQ - Sales Tax Considerations for Out of State Retailers.   In addition, review details on market place facilitators and sellers.

Unless the business is selling a regulated product or service, there are no special licensing requirements.

For additional information on Connecticut laws regulating internet businesses contact the Connecticut State Library  at 860-757-6500 or visit www.jud.ct.gov/lawlib.  The library is able to suggest books for further reference.  If searching online, search by "law of the internet".

In addition, the Federal Trade Commission  provides a Business Guide to the FTC's Mail, Internet or Telephone Order Merchandise Rule.  Contact the agency at 1-877-FTC-HELP or visit www.ftc.gov.

Online Auctions
Auctions dealing with the sale of precious metals, upholstered furniture or bedding require a license through the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection. Contact the agency 860-713-6000 or 1-800-842-2649.  Agency website: https://portal.ct.gov/dcp 

Dealers of precious metals and stones require licensing through the Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection. Contact the agency at (860) 685-8046 or https://portal.ct.gov/despp

In addition, the town or city in which the auction is being held must requires auctions and/or auctioneers to obtain a permit prior to the event.

The Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles provides information on automobile auctions.  Contact the agency at 203-805-6307 or mail@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dmv

The U.S. Customs and Border Protection provides further guidance on importing internet purchases with the intentions of reselling.   Contact the agency at 877- 227-5511 or visit www.cbp.gov.

According to the Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection licensing for Air Emissions is required for airbrushing at a capacity of 30 lbs per hour. Contact the agency:  (860) 424-4152 or mailto:deep.webmaster@ct.gov.

The sale of liquor or alcoholic beverages requires a liquor license through the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection.
Contact the agency: (860) 713-6200, visit https://portal.ct.gov/dcp or dcp.liquorcontrol@ct.gov

The U.S. Department of Justice Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco & Firearms requires retailers to register.  The Bureau also regulates the operation of importers and wholesalers.  Contact the agency: Hartford (860) 240-3400   New Haven (203) 773-2060. 

As of  1/1/03 the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), is responsible for all inquiries regarding the alcohol and tobacco industries' regulations imposed on manufacturers and importers of these products.  Visit the Bureau's web site for more details.

The sale of lottery products requires a lottery sales agent's license with the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection.  Contact the agency: (860) 594-0643 or ctlottery@ctlottery.org

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, the sale of cigarettes over the counter requires a cigarettes dealer's license (over the counter sales) registration and the sale of most products is subject to the sales and use tax.  Register for the sales and use tax certificate and file Addendum A (Cigarette).  Contact the agency: 800-382-9463 (Connecticut only) or (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us.  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Any person, firm or corporation engaged in the retail sale of home heating oil is required to have a home heating oil dealer registration through the Department of Consumer Protection.  Contact the agency: (860) 713-6160 or dcp.foodstandards@ct.gov.  Visit www.portal.ct.gov/dcp

If transporting the fuel:
According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, transportation services are not subject to the Connecticut sales tax. Contact the agency at 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only) or (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us   Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs 

* Note: Registration criteria below pertains to the following vehicle specifications:

The vehicle must have two axils and a registered gross vehicle weight exceeding 26,000 pounds or 11,797 Kilograms

Have three or more axils regardless of weight.

Transporting Within State Lines

Register with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services for the Motor Carrier Fuel Tax.  *Please note that the IFTA (International Fuel Tax Agreement) registration is not needed if you are transporting goods within the state border only.

Transporting Across State Border

Register with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services for the International Fuel Tax Agreement (IFTA).

*Please note that the Motor Carrier Road Tax (REG-3MC) registration is not needed if you are transporting goods across the state border.

According to the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles, there is a new federal law, the Unified Carrier Registration Program, that applies to operations involving trucks and busses that travel interstate, involved in international commerce, or if you make the arrangements for the transportation of cargo and goods. Contact the agency: (860) 263-5281 or mail@ct.gov  Visit:  www.ct.gov/dmv

Obtain a Certificate to Carry Goods Out-of-State application from the Federal Highway Administration and Office of Freight Management by calling 1-800-832-5660 pr visit ops.fhwa.dot.gov/freight/ 

Resources:
U.S. DOT Number application and FAQs
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations, Rules and Notices

All Trucking Businesses

Obtain a commercial driver's license(CDL) from the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles. Contact the agency: 1-800-842-8222 or mail@ct.gov  Visit https://portal.ct.gov/dmv

In addition, contact the Comdata Legal Services to register for a temporary permit by calling 800-749-6058. 

The Connecticut Department of Emergency Services and Public Protection (DESPP) administers licensing for any person/business engaged in the business of dealing precious metals or stones, acting as a pawnbroker and/or secondhand dealer.  The license(s) allow the licensee to engage or carry on business specific to the location and town or city which is listed on the application. The license(s) are not transferable and is valid for one year (must be renewed within 60 days of expiration).

Additional details are available in the applications (Chapter 409 & 414).

Contact the agency: Division of State Police - Special Licensing Phone: 860-685-8046 or DESPP.Feedback@ct.gov  Visit https://portal.ct.gov/despp

Retailers need to obtain a sales and use tax certificate with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services and be familiar with the reseller's certificate.  Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Smoking Lounge/Tobacco Bar
Pursuant to Chapter 545 of the Connecticut General Statutes, tobacco bars are exempt from the Statewide Smoking Ban if at least 10% of its gross annual income is from tobacco products and the establishment has not changed its size or location since December 31, 2002.

Hookah Lounges
According to a report provided by the Office of Legislative Research (OLR), Hookah Lounges are not regulated by the state so long as no food or alcohol is sold on the premises.  Once food or alcohol is sold on the premises, the lounge would be in violation of the state's no smoking ban.  The approval and oversight is left to the municipality and local health official.  However, it should be noted that there is proposed legislation SB 415 to ban hookah lounges starting July 1, 2011. 

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, the sale of cigarettes over the counter requires a cigarettes dealer's license (over the counter sales) registration and the sale of most products is subject to the sales and use tax.  Apply for a sales and use tax certificate and file Addendum A .  Also, retailers and wholesalers should be familiar with the reseller's certificate.  Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only, (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

The U.S. Department of Justice Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco & Firearms requires retailers of alcohol and tobacco to register.  The Bureau also regulates the operation of importers and wholesalers.  For additional information,contact a field office: Hartford (860) 240-3400   New Haven (203) 773-2060 or ATFMail@atf.gov.  Visit: www.atf.gov

As of the 1/1/03 the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), is responsible for all inquiries in regards to regulating the alcohol and tobacco industries imposed on manufacturers and importers of these products.   Visit: www.ttb.gov

Also, check with the local health department for additional requirements. 

Note: Establishments that sell and serve alcoholic beverages require a liquor license with the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection   Contact the agency: (860) 713-6200 or dcp.liquorcontrol@ct.gov. Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dcp

The Connecticut Department of Public Health recommends consulting with an attorney to determine whether a license is required for fitting prosthetics .  The agency refers customer to Connecticut General Statute Sec. 20-9 (medicine and surgery).  Contact the agency: (860) 509-7563  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dph 

According to Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, the sale of prosthetics is considered tax exempt because it falls under medical equipment. Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs 

Suppliers of therapeutic and diagnostic x-ray equipment requires registration with the Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection.  Contact the agency: 860-424-3029, (860) 424-4152 (Permitting Assistance); dep.webmaster@ct.gov or visit: www.ct.gov/deep

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, durable medical equipment is exempt from sales tax. The agency provides a full list of exemptions on their website at https://portal.ct.gov/drs.  The Agency also provides a full list of taxable products or services in their Sales Tax Index or Getting Started guide.

Manufacturers of medical devices (instate and out-of-state) are required to be licensed through the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection.  Visit https://portal.ct.gov/dcp, call 860-713-6065 or dcp.drugmanufacturers@ct.gov.

Additionally, if selling to Medicaid customers, suppliers needs to registered as a Durable Medical Equipment supplier with the Connecticut Department of Social Services.  To register, call 860-269-2028 and additional questions can be directed to the agency at 860-424-5217.

As a result of the Supreme Court's decision in the South Dakota vs. Wayfair ruling (referred to as the Wayfair law), current state (Connecticut) law requires out-of-state sellers of goods (including marketplace facilitators and sellers - third party) that have a substantial economic presence in the state to collect and remit sales tax for all out-of-state internet sales. The determination is based on the solicitation of sales rather than physical presence. 

The Connecticut Department of Revenue Services has established thresholds to include:

• Sales exceed a threshold of 200 transactions during the preceding twelve-month period (ending September 30) (previously, the threshold was 100 sales); AND
• Gross receipts are $100,000 or more during that twelve-month period.

For more details, please refer to the SN 2018(5.1) Legislative Changes Affecting Motor Vehicle Fuels Tax, Sales and Use Taxes, and Rental Surcharge (scroll to page 3).  Also review the information provided for marketplace facilitators.  Contact the Department of Revenue Services at 860-297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us if you have further questions.

Effective August 1, 2019 and ending June 30, 2021"single-use" plastic bags will be subject to a 10c tax at the point of sale at checkout .  "Single-use" plastic bags are  defined as a bag with the thickness of less than four mills.  Bags provided to contain meat, seafood, loose produce or other unwrapped food items, newspapers or laundry/dry cleaning are not included in the definition. The customer's transaction receipt will show the number of bags provided by the retailer and the associated fee.  The retailer will report all fees collected to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services.

On or after July 1, 2021, no owner or operator of a store shall provide or sell a single-use checkout bag to a customer.

House Bill 7424
OFFICE OF THE COMMISSIONER GUIDANCE - Regarding the Single-Use Plastic Bag Fee

Depending on the products the business sells, you may be required to file for the following licenses/registrations:

Check with the local zoning official, health and fire marshal for additional requirements.

The Connecticut Department of Agriculture requires stores that sell milk to obtain the Milk, Retail Store License. Contact the agency: (860) 713-2568 aglicensing@ct.gov Visit https://portal.ct.gov/doag

The following licenses may be required through the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection:

• Frozen Dessert Retailer - the production of frozen desserts for retail sale (for example, the sale of ice cream/"slushy" through soft serve machines). If selling scoop and serve ice cream be sure to check with the local health department
• Bakery - the production of baked goods for sale
• Vending Machine Operator
• Non-legendary Drug - the sale of non-legendary drugs (over the counter drugs)
• Pharmacy - both pharmacy and staff
• Liquor - the sale of liquor
• Retail, Gasoline Dealer Permit - if selling gasoline at retail (Weights & Measures)
• Weights & Measures Device Registration - if serving food through a deli be sure that the scales used to weigh the food are properly registered. Typically the company that leases scales is responsible for registering the scales. If purchasing the scales, be sure to ask the company that is selling you the scales if they register the scales.

Contact the agency: (860) 713-6160 or dcp.foodstandards@ct.gov (Food & Standards), (860) 713-6200 or dcp.liquorcontrol@ct.gov (Liquor); (860) 713-6065 or dcp.liquorcontrol@ct.gov (Drug & Pharmacy) Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dcp

There are no trade or occupational licenses required for food services in Connecticut. However, a food service certification may be required. For more information please check with the local health department. For information on the Food Protection Program contact the Connecticut Department of Public Health. Contact the agency: (860) 509-7297 Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dph

The Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection also offers guidance on food safety. Contact the agency: (860) 713-6160 or food.standards@ct.gov Visit: www.portal.ct.gov/dcp

The U.S. Department of Justice Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco & Firearms requires retailers of alcohol and tobacco to register. The Bureau also regulates the operation of importers and wholesalers. For additional information please contact the district or Connecticut offices: Hartford (860) 240-3400 New Haven (203) 773-2060 or visit www.atf.gov

As of the 1/1/03 the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), is responsible for all inquiries in regards to regulating the alcohol and tobacco industries imposed on manufacturers and importers of these products. Visit the Bureau's web site for more details www.ttb.gov

Register for sales & use tax (REG-1), cigarettes dealer's license (over the counter sales) (Addendum A), motor vehicles fuel tax - petroleum products gross earnings tax (Addendum C), alcoholic beverages tax (Addendum D) by registering and filing appropriate Addendum(s) with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services. Also, retailers should be familiar with the resale certificate. Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only) or (860) 297-5962 Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

The sale of lottery products requires an application to be filed with the Connecticut State Lottery. Contact the agency: (860) 713-6000 for visit the agency website for further details. Once the application is completed with CT Lottery, it is submitted to Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection's Gaming Division for final approval.

The Women, Infants and Children (WIC) program with the Connecticut Department of Public Health is state subsidy that provides milk, cheese and various food items for women and their infants/children. Open enrollment is available each year on October 1. Request a WIC application in writing including the store name, address and phone number as well as the owner's name. If purchasing an existing business, the existing WIC vendor stamp is not transferable and the new owner must apply as a new vendor. Contact the agency: 1-800-741-2142 or (860) 509-8084 Visit: www.ct.gov/dph

Retailers wanting to accept and redeem food stamps must be registered through the Supplemental Nutritional Assistance Program (formerly known as the Food Stamp Program) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Contact the agency: 1-800-842-1508 Visit: www.usda.gov

The Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection regulates activities that may impact the state's natural resources and environment. DEP administers permitting programs that protect the state's resources by regulating the emissions of pollutants, facility operations, and land use activities. If your activity has the potential to impact the environment or the state's natural resources, you may need to apply for and obtain one or more permits. Contact the agency: (860) 424-3003 or dep.webmaster@ct.gov Visit: www.ct.gov/dep

Labeling

Food labeling requirements are under the jurisdiction of the federal U.S. Food & Drug Administration - Compliance Branch. Food labeling questions can be e-mailed to industry@fda.gov or call 888-463-6332 (888-INFO-FDA). Visit: www.fda.gov

In addition, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 (the Bioterrorism Act 2002) requires the owner, operator, or agent in charge of a domestic or foreign food processing facility to submit a registration to the Secretary of the FDA. For a foreign facility, the registration must include the name of the U.S. agent for the facility.

Additionally, the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection can assist with food labeling requirements. Contact the agency 860-713-6160 or food.services@ct.gov Visit: www.ct.gov/dcp

Note: Smaller businesses with low volume may apply for a labeling exemption.

Although there are no specific registrations or licenses for an adult day care business, the National Adult Day Services Association (NADSA), a private non-profit entity, certifies adult day care centers. If a center is not certified, the center may not be eligible for grants or other financing. To obtain information about opening an adult day center.  Contact: 1-877-745-1440. 

Licensing is required through the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection, however, if offering homemaker companion services.   Contact: 860.713.6000 or dcp.licenseservices@ct.gov.

If offering homemaker: home health aid services, the Connecticut Department of Public Health requires a license.   Contact:  800.828.9769 or oplc.dph@ct.gov.

Businesses that provide errand / shopping services are required to register their vehicles and obtain commercial plates from the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV). Contact: 860-263-5700, email, visit https://portal.ct.gov/dmv 

According to the Department of Revenue Services, errand services are not subject to sales and use tax. However, shopping services are subject to sales tax, therefore, obtain a sales and use tax certificate.  For more information review SN 2001(2) Miscellaneous Personal Service.  Contact: 1-800-382-9463, 860-297-5962, drs@po.state.ct.us , visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

 Businesses need to obtain commercial insurance through a private insurance agent.

Contact the town in which the business is based for local permits, requirements, surety bonds, and inspections.

Vehicle Repairs/Alterations
Repair services requires a Dealers and Repairers license through the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles . Repairers need either a Limited Repairer and/or a General Repairer License.  Call: (860) 263-5056   Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dmv

Note: Vehicles used for mobile services require either a commercial or combination plate.  If the business transports cars to and from their business location a transporter plate is needed. In addition, passengers are not allowed and weight restrictions apply.

Waste Disposal Considerations
Oil and petroleum products are mandated as recyclable by the State of Connecticut.  For more information on the recycling process and on regulations contact Department of Energy & Environmental Protection's Compliance Assistance Hotline at 860-424-4193. Additionally, a permit may be required from the Water Compliance Unit  for the discharge of waste water, grease, oil and petroleum products.  Call: (860) 424-3018  Visit:  www.ct.gov/dep

Air Conditioning Technician
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency  requires that all auto air-conditioning technicians take a federal test for the Section 609 Technician Certification Program. Call: 800-296-1996  Visit: www.epa.gov

Polyurethane Lining In Truck Beds
Contact the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection for assistance in determining if the business meets criteria for the General Permit to Construct and/or Operate a New or Existing Automotive Refinishing Operation or New Source Review. Call: (860)424-3003.

Glaziers (Automotive & Flat Glass Work)
Repair shops and car dealers that install or repair automotive glass are required to hold a license with the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection.  Call: (860) 713-6135  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dcp

Emission Inspection Services At Gasoline Stations
The standards and inspection regulations of a motor vehicle emission inspection facility and the Emissions Technician Training and Certification Program is governed by the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles through the Connecticut Emissions Program.   Call: 1-888-828-8399 or visit: https://ctemissions.com

Car Wash:

Contact the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection, Bureau of Water Management directly for additional information at (860) 424-3003 or deep.webmaster@po.state.ct.us.  Visit:  www.ct.gov/deep

Also be aware of Discharge of Vehicle Maintenance Waste Water 

Wrecker and Mobile Services:
Wrecker services require a wrecker registration using form H-13 Application is required through the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles.  If the business transports cars to and from their business location a Transporter Plate is needed. In addition, passengers are not allowed and weight restrictions apply.Vehicles used for mobile services require either a Commercial or Combination plate. Call: (860) 263-5700 or visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dmv 

Auto Painting
The Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection offers many articles for vehicle repair shops, body shops and dismantlers in their website.

Repossessed Vehicles
According to the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles, the Connecticut Department of Insurance and the Connecticut Department of Banking, motor vehicle repossession does not require licensing. However, DMV does provide an affidavit for repossession (form H30)

Sales Tax Considerations
According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, both the labor performed and parts used for auto repair are subject to and required to register for sales tax.  Review Sales and Use Tax Charges on Motor Vehicle Repair .  Call: 800-382-9463 (in-state only) or (860) 297-5962   Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

No occupational or trade license is required to perform cleaning or janitorial services.  However, according to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, services are subject to and required to register for sales tax. Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (CT only) or (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs 
  
Contact the Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection at 860-424-3003 regarding proper chemical use or a listing of environmentally safe cleaning agents.  Visit:  https://www.ct.gov/deep

According to the Connecticut Department of Public Health, "tattooing" means marking or coloring, in an indelible manner, the skin of any person by pricking in coloring matter or by producing scars. A tattoo technician license is required.   Parental consent is required for tattooing an unemancipated minor under the age of eighteen (18).

For further information consult Connecticut General Statutes Sec.19a-92a. Contact the agency directly at 860-509-7603 or oplc.dph@ct.gov for further information.

No occupational or trade license is required for a personal trainer.

However, licensing is required by the Connecticut Department of Public Health for any individual performing athletic training services. Contact the agency:  (860) 509-7603 or visit: https://portal.ct.gov/DPH

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, health and athletic club services are subject to sales tax and requires registration. Refer to SN 2007(1) Sales and Use Taxes on Health and Athletic Club Services or contact the agency at 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut Only), (860) 297-5962 or visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Administrative services covers a broad range of services which includes but is not limited to bookkeeping, office management, secretarial, resume writing, tax preparation and etc.

According to the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection , no license is required to provide bookkeeping or tax preparation services so long as the business does promote itself as a certified public accountant (CPA). For further information, contact the agency at dcp.licensecpa@ct.gov. 

The Connecticut Department of Revenue Services states that bookkeeping is not considered a taxable service.  However, office management services falls under the category of "business management" which is considered taxable.  Register for the sales and use tax certificate.  For further information contact the agency directly at 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut Only) or 860-297-5962 or refer to Ruling 2015-2 Sales and Use Taxes: Business Management Services/ Business Management Consulting Services  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs 

According to the Connecticut Area Health Education Center Program (AHEC) at University of Connecticut School of Medicine, veterinarian technicians/technologists are not required to be licensed in the State of Connecticut.  However, the technician/technologist must hold either an associates (two academic years) or bachelors (four academic years) degree in Applied Science or equivalent .  Veterinary technicians are trained through an accredited technical associate degree program in the community college system.  For additional information please contact the program.  Additional information is available online through their publication H.O.T. - Health Occupations & Technology Careers In Connecticut.  Contact. 

Additional Resources:
North American Veterinarian Technician Association  (765) 742-2216
American Veterinary Medical Association (847) 925-8070

The Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection recommends that a business cleaning and transporting biomedical waste resulting from a crime scene apply for a Combined Biomedical Waste and Spill Contractor's Permit.  Contact: (860) 424-3372 or deep.webmaster@ct.gov  Visit: www.ct.gov/deep

Connecticut General Stautes - Sec.46b-22 governs who may join persons in marriage: 

• All judges and retired judges, either elected or appointed and including federal judges and judges of other states who may legally join persons in marriage in their jurisdictions
• Family support magistrates
• State referees
• Justices of the peace may join persons in marriage in any town in the state
• All ordained or licensed clergymen, belonging to this state or any other state, so long as they continue in the work of the ministry

All marriages solemnized according to the forms and usages of any religious denomination in this state, including marriages witnessed by a duly constituted Spiritual Assembly of the Baha'is, are valid. All marriages attempted to be celebrated by any other person are void.  No public official legally authorized to issue marriage licenses may join persons in marriage under authority of a license issued by himself, or his assistant or deputy; nor may any such assistant or deputy join persons in marriage under authority of a license issued by such public official. 

In Connecticut, there are no special requirements to become a justice of the peace.  However, the process is controlled by the towns (town clerks) and the political parties.  Each town sets aside one-third of the total allotted number to each major political party, Democrats and Republicans, and to minor parties and unaffiliated.  The parties decide the rules for appointments with the Independents governed by the town clerk.  The term is for four (4) years and coincides with presidential elections with the office beginning January 1.

For further information speak with the heads of the political party or town clerk in your town or visit the Justice of the Peace Association, LLC. 

In general, consulting does not require a license.  However, depending on the area of specialization such as legal, financial, environmental, psychological and etc..a license may be required. 

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, consulting services is subject to the sales and use tax.  Not only are there different types of consulting services but there are different rates for each service.   File for the sales and use tax certificate.  Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), 860-297-5962 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Also, the agency provides the following publications:
2018(5) Getting Started In Business

No occupational or trade license is required.

However, according to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, under most circumstances, repair to machinery is subject to the Connecticut sales tax and requires registration.  Additionally, if services performed include repair and/or replacement of component parts of machinery used in manufacturing, the services may be eligible for a complete or partial tax exemption. Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962 or visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Motor vehicle junk yards and motor vehicle recyclers are licensed through the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles.  For detailed information contact the agency directly: (860) 263-5056 or (860) 263-5057 or visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dmv
 

Obtain a Certificate of Approval through the Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection.  Contact the agency: (860) 424-3003 or deep.webmaster@ct.gov  Visit: www.ct.gov/dep 

A hotel or bed and breakfast does not require occupational or trade licenses.

Please check with local officials including zoning, building and fire marshal for facility requirements.

If offering food services, the local health official can provide information on obtaining a Food Service Certification.  Also, the Connecticut Department of Public Health has a food protection program. 

Contact the agency: (860) 509-7297 or visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dph

The Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection requires food licensing: including bakery, frozen dessert retailer and weights and measures (if using scales to weigh food items, the scales must be registered).  Additional licensing may include liquor permit and non-legendary drug permit. 

Contact the agency: (860) 713-6160 or dcp.foodstandards@ct.gov (Food and Standards), (860) 713-6210 or dcp.liquorcontrol@ct.gov (Liquor). Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dcp 

Register with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services for sales and use tax and the room occupancy tax. For details review PS 2017(7) Room Occupancy Tax and Sales and Use Taxes for Hotels,Motels, and Bed & Breakfasts.  Note: Valet services, shoe shine, dry cleaning/laundry services are considered a part of the accommodations of the facility and are covered in the room occupancy tax.  The sale of most food items requires a sales tax.  For more information review Policy Statement 2002(2) Sales and Use Tax on Meals.  If purchasing products from a wholesaler/distributor for the purpose of resale, a resale certificate is required.  For more information review IP 2009(15) Notice to Retailers on Sales and Use Tax Resale Certificates

Contact the agency: 800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962 or visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Computer services, including but not limited to desktop publishing, graphic design, consulting, web design and management, training, repair, data processing, graphic design, custom software development, and internet research does not require a special trade or occupational license.

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, graphic design services including desktop publishing (design and printing) is considered taxable.  In addition, the sale of the end product (i.e. stationary, business cards and etc.) is taxable.   However, not all computer services are subject to sales tax.  It is strongly suggested to contact the agency directly to determine the taxability of the service.  You may also wish to review the following publications: 

PS 2006(8) Sales and Use Taxes on Computer-Related Services and Sales of Tangible Personal Property
PS 2004(2) Sales and Use Taxes on Internet Access Services and On-Line Sales of Goods and Services
PS 95(5) Purchases and Sales of Graphic Designers

Register for a sales and use tax certificate.  Contact the agency:  800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Businesses that wish to advertise or offer advertisement on the internet should be familiar with the guides made available by the Federal Trade Commission - Mail Order or Telephone Order Merchandise Rules and Online Advertising and Marketing.  Contact the agency:  1-877-382-4357  Visit:  www.ftc.gov

Cable installation requires an electrical contractor license through the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection.  Electrical contractors need to pass the electrical contractor exam given by PSI licensure:certification (800-733-9267 or comments@psiexams.com) before a license is issued. Contact the agency: (860) 713-6135 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dcp

Judgment recovery and/or collections require a consumer collection agency license through the Connecticut Department of Banking.  Contact the agency: (860) 240-8206 or anne.cappelli@ct.gov.   Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dob

In addition, the service is not considered taxable by the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services.  Contact the agency: 800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962 or visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

For information on training to become a judgment recovery agent please refer to the National Judgment Network. 

Electronic systems include but are not limited to audio visual and alarm (fire, security and surveillance).

Technicians performing electronic installation, maintenance, repair, replacement, inspection and/or modification of receiving equipment and/or antennas require a television and radio license through the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection.  "Receiving equipment" means television or radio receiving apparatus and associated components, including, but not limited to antenna receiving systems, satellites, phonographs, tape recorders and audiovisual equipment. 

If installing electronic systems into an electrical source, a limited electrical contractors license (L-5 or C-5) may be required through the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection.

Contact the agency: (860) 713-6135 or dcp.occupationalprofessional@ct.gov or visit: www.portal.ct.gov/dcp

Note:  Repair work performed on appliances such as washers, dryers, lamps, etc. does not require licensing.

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, repair services are subject to the Connecticut sales tax.  Apply for the sales and use tax certificate.

If electrical contractors are from out-of-state performing services in Connecticut, regardless of the nature of the real property affected or the tax-exempt status of the property owner, there are special bonding requirements (AU 766) with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services.  Review IP 2018 (2) Building Contractor's Guide and SN 2012(2) Nonresident Contractor Bonds and Deposits

Contact the agency: 800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962, bond hotline (860) 541-7538 or visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Companies that engage in the disassembly of used electronics, such as computers and televisions, and accumulate more than 5000 kilograms of universal waste onsite at any one time, requires a general permit for disassembling used electronics from the Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection.  Contact the agency: (860) 424-3242 or visit: www.ct.gov/deep

The Connecticut Department of Children and Families requires licensing for child care facilities (group home).  According to the agency, the definition of a  "Child Care Facility" means a children's home or similar institution; residential treatment facility; group home; temporary shelter; whether incorporated for the purpose or not, boarding or caring for a child, except a youth camp; a juvenile detention facility operated under the authority of the chief court administrator of the State Judicial Department; or a facility which is primarily an educational institution exempted by the state department of education.  Contact the agency:  (860) 550-6532  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dcf 

The agency, in conjunction with the Connecticut Office of Health Care Access determines needs for proposals.  It is suggested to contact the Connecticut Department of Administrative Services to register and become eligible to participate in bidding on proposals.  Contact the agency: (860) 713-5115.

Licensing for a community living arrangement, also referred to as a group home, is administered through the Connecticut Department of Developmental Services.   Contact the agency: 860-418-6000 or 866-737-0330 or ddsct.co@ct.gov.  

Anyone interested in operating such as facility on behalf of the State of Connecticut should register with the Connecticut Department of Administrative Services to become a qualified bidder on proposals. Contact the agency: (860) 713-5095.

Yes, employment agencies, as governed by Connecticut General Statute Sections 31-129 through 31-134a, are licensed through the Connecticut Department of Labor.  Defined, "employment agency" includes the business of procuring or offering to procure work or employment for persons seeking employment, or acting as agent for procuring such work or employment where a fee or other valuable thing is exacted, charged or received for procuring or assisting to procure employment, work or a situation of any kind or for procuring or providing help for any person.

The license does not include temporary help services (including home health care, home health aid/companion and homemaker companion services) which means any person conducting a business which consists of employing individuals directly for the purpose of furnishing part-time or temporary help to others. The temporary workers are considered employees of the temporary agency.  Therefore, the agency is only required to register as an employer by filing form: UC-1A.  However, if the temporary worker is permanently hired by the company in which the worker is placed, the temporary employment agency must register as an employment agency.

Contact the agency:  (860) 263-6790, (860) 263-6360 (Field Audit Unit) or dol.webhelp@ct.gov or visit www.ctdol.state.ct.us

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, employment agency services are subject to sales tax.  Register for the sales and use tax certificate.   Contact the agency:  1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut Only) or (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

There are no occupational or trade licenses required for event planning.

However, if your business is hired to plan events/conferences/seminars for a business that normally plans events for themselves, the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services views this as "business management services", which is subject to the state sales tax. Event planning is not taxable if your business plans events for entertainment, parties and the like.  Otherwise, event planning may be considered consulting services which may be subject to sales tax.  Register for the sales and use tax certificate.  Contact the agency:  1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut Only) or (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

According to the Connecticut Department of Public Health, a license is not required for individuals who offer personal consultation services for breast-feeding mothers (lactation consultants).  However, the services are limited to support services and excludes anatomical advice for either baby or mother which requires a referral to a licensed practitioner (nurse or doctor).

According to the Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection, the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles (Dealers and Repairers Unit) and the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection, there are no licensing requirements for marine vessel repair.

If commercial diving refer to Are there any special requirements for commercial dive and/or boat chartering operations? 

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, the marine vessel repair services are tax exempt.  However, the sale of parts and supplies are subject to sales tax.  Register for the sales and use tax certificate. Review IP 2018(20) Q&A on Purchases of Vessels.  Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only) or (860) 297-5962 or visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

There are no trade or occupational licenses required for marketing services including consulting, market research and public relations.

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, business marketing research services are not considered taxable.  However, if consulting includes strategic planning, long and short-term planning and/or consulting, such as accessing the client's business, services are subject to sales tax.  In addition, public relations is considered taxable.  Obtain a state sales and use tax certificate.

Refer to the following publications:

• Advertising and Public Relations Services - Sales of non-media advertising and public relations services and direct mail advertising services, other than cooperative direct mail. TSSN 30, Sales and Use Taxes on Advertising and Public Relations Services; PS 95(5), Purchases and Sales by Graphic Designers
• Business analysis, management, management consulting and public relations services, excluding any environmental consulting services Conn. Agencies Regs. § 12-407(2)(i)(J)-1

Contact the agency:  1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962 or visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs 

In addition, businesses that wish to advertise or offer advertisement on the internet should be familiar with Advertising and Marketing on the Internet provided by the Federal Trade Commission. 

According to the Connecticut Department of Public Health, massage therapists and individuals practicing reflexology require a massage therapy license.  Myotherapy (muscle trigger point therapy) and "Rieke" - a non intrusive Japanese treatment of healing using energy - does not require licensing.

Reflexology is a specialized type of massage.  Reflexologists gently put pressure on their clients' reflex points, found in their feet, hands or ears. Reflexologists do not diagnose, prescribe, or treat a specific illness. Instead of dealing with a specific illness, they attempt to induce deep relaxation in their clients, resulting in less stress, pain, improved circulation, better nerve functioning, and increased energy levels. 

Contact the agency: (860) 509-7603 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dph

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, massage therapy is subject to sales tax and requires a sales and use tax certificate. Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), 860-297-5962 or visit: https://portal.ct.us/drs

There are no occupational or trade licenses required for medical transcription and stenographic services.

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, medical transcription and stenographic services are subject to the Connecticut sales tax and requires a sales and use tax certificate.  Review IP 2006(8) - Sales and Use Taxes on Computer-Related Services.  Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962 or visit: https://portal.ct.us/drs

Salons, spas and barbershops are required to contact the local health department for oversight of the facility.

The Connecticut Department of Public Health has jurisdiction over licensed hairdressers and barbers.  According to the agency, each hairdressing shop, store or place shall be under the management of a registered hairdresser and cosmetician (CGS, Sec. 20-259)  

According to the Connecticut State Statutes Section 20-250 hairdressing and cosmetology means "the art of dressing, arranging, curling, waving, weaving, cutting, singeing, bleaching and coloring the hair and treating the scalp of any person, and massaging, cleansing, stimulating, manipulating, exercising or beautifying with the use of the hands, appliances, cosmetic preparations, antiseptics, tonics, lotions, creams, powders, oils or clays and doing similar work on the face, neck and arms, and manicuring the fingernails of any person for compensation, provided nothing in this subdivision shall prohibit an unlicensed person from performing facials, eyebrow arching, shampooing, manicuring of the fingernails or, for cosmetic purposes only, trimming, filing and painting the healthy toenails, excluding cutting nail beds, corns and calluses or other medical treatment involving the foot or ankle, or braiding hair".

Additional licensing may apply for:
- acupuncture
-  electrolysis
-  massage therapy
-  nail technician
-  esthetician
-  eyelash technician

Contact the agency: (860) 509-7603 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dph 

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services hair dressing services are not considered taxable.  However, nail care, pedicures, waxing and tanning are considered taxable.  Additionally, any products sold in the salon or spa are subject to sales tax.  Obtain a sales and use tax certificate be familiar with the resale certificate.   Contact the agency: 800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

The services of a travel agent or travel agency do not require licensing.

 
According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services travel agency services and the sale of airline tickets, travel packages or travel clubs are not taxable.  Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962 or visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs 

The Airlines Reporting Corporation is an airline-owned company serving the travel industry with financial services, data products and services, ticket distribution, original travel solutions, and settlement in the United States, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and American Samoa.  ARC accredits travel agencies and Corporate Travel Departments (CTDs) in the United States, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and American Samoa.  Contact ARC: (703) 816-8000 

Any work performed to improve the well being of fruit, shade or ornamental trees requires an arborist license with the Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection.  Contact the agency:  (860) 424-3369 or visit: www.ct.gov/deep
     
For information on arborist licensing and tests, contact the Department of Forestry and Horticulture; Agricultural Experiment Station.  Contact the agency: (203) 974-8605  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/caes

According to the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection, if your services include grinding and/or removal of tree stumps or planting trees, your services are considered landscaping and requires a home improvement license.  Note: Cutting down trees does not require a license.  Contact the agency:  (860) 713-6110 or visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dcp

The Connecticut Department of Revenue Services requires all contractors to register for the sales and use tax certificate.  Services performed on commercial, income producing or non-owner occupied residences are subject to sales tax.  However, services performed on owner occupied residential property is not subject to sales tax.  In addition, out of state contractors performing services in Connecticut may be required to post a bond before performing work. Note: Contractors are considered consumers purchasing materials used in home improvement services and cannot use a resale certificate.  For more information, see the building contractors guide to sales and use tax and SN 2012(2) Nonresident Contractor Bonds and Deposits.  Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962, (860) 541-7538 (Bond Hotline) or visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Individuals wishing to serve papers on behalf of the court system must become a state marshal in the county in which they reside or be an elected town constable / police officer.  For more information contact the State of Connecticut Judicial Branch at (860) 566-7109.

There are no trade or occupational licenses required for television, video and audio production in Connecticut.

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, the production process may be subject to sales tax.  Review the publication Taxation of the Audio and Video Production Process. Apply for the sales and use tax certificate. Contact the agency:   800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962  or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs Contact the agency:  (860) 270-8198  

Cable installation requires an electrical contractor license through the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection.   Contractors need to pass the electrical contractor exam given by PSI licensure:certification (1-800-733-9267, comments@psiexams.com or visit http://candidate.psiexams.com).  Contact the agency: (860) 713-6135 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dcp

Connecticut does not require energy auditors to hold a license specific to auditing, however, trade licenses may be required if performing trade services such as home improvement; heating, cooling and sheet metal; and other.  Individuals performing audits should be certified in accordance to BPI (Building Performance Institute) standards.

Connecticut utility companies offer further information on the certification process.  Contact your local utility company for further details.

In addition, EnergizeCT offers energy audits for homes and businesses.  Visit www.energizect.com or call 1-877-WISE USE (877-947-3873).

Couriers are required to register their vehicles and obtain commercial plates as well as obtain a commercial driver's license from the Department of Motor Vehicles. Contact: 800-842-8222, 860-263-5700 or email.  Visit https://portal.ct.gov/dmv 

Commercial insurance and an insurance bond is also required, contact an insurance agent for more information.
 
According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, couriers are not subject to sales and use tax.   Contact: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us , visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

A commercial motor vehicle is designed or used to transport passengers or property and has the following characteristics:

• Has a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 26,001 or more pounds
• A trailer with a GVWR of more than 10,000 pounds if the gross combination weight rating (GCWR) is 26,001 pounds or more
• Is designed to transport 16 or more passengers, including the driver; or is designed to transport more than 10 passengers, including the driver, and used to transport students under the age of 21 years to and from school
• Any size vehicle that is used in the transportation of any material that requires hazardous materials placards or any quantity of a material listed as a select agent or toxin in 42 CFR 73. 

Transporting Within State Lines

Register with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services for the Motor Carrier Fuel Tax (REG-3MC).  *Please note that the IFTA (International Fuel Tax Agreement) registration is not needed if you are transporting goods within the state border only. Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only) or 860-297-5962 or https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Transporting Across State Border

• Register with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services for the International Fuel Tax Agreement (IFTA). *Please note that the Motor Carrier Road Tax registration is not needed if you are transporting goods across the state border.  Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only) or 860-297-5962 or https://portal.ct.gov/drs
• The Unified Carrier Registration Program applies to operations involving trucks and busses that travel interstate, involved in international commerce, or if you make the arrangements for the transportation of cargo and goods. Contact the agency: 860-263-5281 or https://portal.ct.gov/dmv
• Obtain a Certificate to Carry Goods Out-of-State application from the Federal Highway Administration and Office of Freight Management by calling 1-800-832-5660.  Visit: ops.fhwa.dot.gov/freight. 

All Trucking Businesses

• Obtain a commercial driver's license (CDL) from the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles. Contact the agency: 1-800-842-8222 or https://portal.ct.gov/dmv
• If transporting hazardous waste in Connecticut, contact at the Connecticut Department of Energy &  Environmental Protection  at 860-424-3366 or www.ct.gov/deep
• Transporting oversized/overweight vehicles requires permitting through the Connecticut Department of Transportation.  Information regarding the escort car and flag men is included in the regulations.  Contact the agency: (860) 594-2878 or https://portal.ct.gov/dot
• Also obtain a flashing light permit from the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles.  Contact the agency: 1-800-842-8222 or https://portal.ct.gov/dmv
• Moving companies must obtain a Household Goods Certificate through the Connecticut Department of Transportation.  Contact the agency at 860-594-2865 (860) 594-2865 https://portal.ct.gov/dot
• According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, transportation services are not subject to the Connecticut sales tax. 
• The Connecticut Commercial Driver's Manual contains a wealth of information on obtaining a CDL license. 
• U.S. DOT Number application and FAQs

According to the U.S. Coast Guard, commercial dive operations should be familiar with the federal regulations governing commercial diving. For more information contact the U.S. Coast Guard Marine Safety Office directly: (860) 271-2704. 

If the operation charters a boat which carries more than six (6) paying customers, the boat must be inspected.

Pilots of marine vessels must be certified through the U.S. Coast Guard National Maritime Center through their Regional Examination Center.  The Northeast Region has offices in Boston and New York. To schedule an appointment at any regional office call: 1-888-427-5662. 

According to the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles, all boats with a motor, regardless of size, must be registered . Boats that are 19 1/2 feet or larger, with or without a motor, must also be registered.  Fee structure.  Contact the agency: (860) 263-5700, 800-842-8222 (Connecticut only).

If boat chartering is for the purpose of fishing, contact the Connecticut Department of Energy &  Environmental Protection for requirements. Contact the agency: (860) 424-3003.

Connecticut does not require a trade or occupational license for freight handlers.  However the following applies:

Air Transporters
Contact the Federal Aviation Administration at Bradley International Airport, Windsor Locks.  If operating from a state owned airport, the business must hold a lease.  A lease is not required if operating at a private airport.  Air handlers that operate a personally owned aircraft require a certificate from the airport.  Contact the agency: (860) 654-1000  Visit:  https://www.faa.gov/

Land Transporters
See What are the Requirements for a Trucking Company

Businesses that operate hot air balloon rides are required to check with the planning and zoning office in the town(s) in which they plan to operate.

If the business has over 36 operations (landing and take-offs) per year, licensing is required through the Connecticut Department of Transportation, Bureau of Aviation.  Contact the agency: (860) 594-2000.  

Be sure to review the Federal Aviation Administration.  The FAA call hot air balloons "manned free ballooning".  Review the agency's licensing information. Contact the agency:  (860) 654-1000. 

Businesses that provide limousine, livery (including motorbus/school bus), taxi services and transportation networks such as Uber and Lyft are required to obtain a permit through the Connecticut Department of Transportation. Contact the agency: (860) 594-2865.

Register the vehicle with the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles.  Review rate information. 

The agency also oversees the a new federal law, the Unified Carrier Registration Program, that applies to operations involving trucks and busses that travel interstate, involved in international commerce, or if you make the arrangements for the transportation of cargo and goods

Also, the driver must hold a  commercial driver's license.  Review: Commercial Driver's License Manual and Motor Carrier Handbook.  
Contact the agency: (860) 263-5700, (800) 842-8222, or (860) 263-5281 (Unified Carrier).

The use of local drivers who can take people from point A to point B for a fee are required to hold a livery permit, this includes services like UBER.

The transportation of people across state lines requires a U.S. DOT Number.  Review licensing and registration, Small Passenger-Carrying Vehicles (9-15 individuals) and SAFER.  Contact the agency: 1-800--832-5660, 202-366-4000, 860-659-6700, ext. 3020

Note: Applies to passenger motor carriers that transports between nine (9) and fifteen (15) passengers (including the driver) for compensation or if you transport sixteen (16) or more passengers across state borders (interstate commerce),

If the vehicle used to transport people has two axils and a registered gross vehicle weight exceeding 26,000 pounds or 11,797 Kilograms or has three or more axils regardless of weight, registration for the Motor Carrier Fuel Tax (REG-3MC)  (instate transportation) or the International Fuel Tax Agreement (IFTA) (interstate transportation) is required with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services. Contact the agency:  800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962.  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

If you are an idea creator or inventor, at some point you are going to be interested in legally protecting your idea or invention through laws governing Intellectual Property (IP). But before you decide to talk to an IP specialist, typically a lawyer specializing in IP law, you should consider doing a little bit of research first.

Patents & Trademarks
Trademarking can be accomplished on both a state and federal level. 

Information pertaining to patents and trademarks federally can be obtained through the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Technical support is available 24 hours, 7 days a week and general support week days 8:30 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. by calling 800-786-9199 or 571-272-1000.  Visit:  www.uspto.gov

Additionally, assistance is available through official patent and trademark depository libraries.  For a complete listing of depository libraries and links to their web sites, click here.

The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) allows one to search patents and trademarks both in the U.S. and internationally.  Visit: www.wipo.org

For more information on trademarking on a state level refer to "Trademarks and Service Marks" Connecticut General Statutes Chapter 621a,  PP408,409 Sec. 35-11a.   The Connecticut Secretary of the State accepts trademark and service mark applications.  Contact the agency: (860) 509-6003 or crd@ct.gov Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/SOTS 

Copyrights
Copyright information can be obtained through the U.S. Copyright Office.  
Public Information Line - 202-707-3000 (week days 8:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.)
Forms and Publications Hotline - 202-707-9100 (24 hours, 7 days a week)

Intellectual Property and Entrepreneurship Clinic (IPEC)
Based out of the University of Connecticut's School of Law, the Intellectual Property and Entrepreneurship Clinic (IPEC) offers non-fee basis, intellectual property education, counseling and legal services to Connecticut inventors, entrepreneurs, companies, artists and research scientists.  Contact the clinic: (860) 728-2104 or iplawclinic@law.uconn.edu  Visit: www.law.uconn.edu/clinics/ip/

Depending on the type of pet services provided, a license may be required.

A pet facility license is required by the Connecticut Department of Agriculture for pet shops and facilities that offer kennel, training and grooming services.  This license applies if the owner's pet is cared for at your private home. The agency also requires a  bird or poultry permit if importing birds.  However, the display of birds using aviaries does not require a license.  Contact the agency at 860-713-2506 or aglicensing@ct.gov Agency website:  https://portal.ct.gov/doag

No licensing is required for pet walking, sitting (if taking care of the animal in the owner’s home) or pet waste removal. Check with the local health and sewage departments for regulations on dumping waste. 

Pet shelters do not require licensing according to the Connecticut Department of Agriculture. For further information contact the agency directly by calling 860-713-2506 or emailing ctdeptag@ct.gov.   However, the facility must be inspected by the town and the animals must be licensed locally, have rabies shot, etc. Review Connecticut General Statutes  22-329 through 22-411.

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, grooming and sitting services are subject to sales tax.  Waste removal and the sale of pet products (collars, brushes, leashes and etc.) is subject to sales tax and requires registration.  Contact the agency at 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut Only), 860-297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us.  Agency website: https://portal.ct.gov/drs 

The U.S. Department of Agriculture oversees the welfare of animals and licenses businesses through the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.  Sample services include petting zoos, reptile rescue and sale of birds.  Learn more about the types of licenses and which services are exempt by contacting the Animal Welfare Information Center agency directly at 301-504-6212 or email awic@ars.usda.gov..  Agency website:  www.usda.gov

Additionally, the Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection, Bureau of Natural Resources, should be able to provide further information. Contact the agency at 860-424-3003 or dep.webmaster@po.state.ct.us.  Agency website:  www.ct.gov/dep

Baking pet treats requires licensing through the Connecticut Department of Agriculture.  The agency will review all the proper licensing and labeling requirements. There are labeling requirements both on the state and federal levels.  Contact the agency: (860) 713-2565 or Alton.Blodgett@ct.gov.

The Office of Higher Education regulates and authorizes private occupational schools and hospital-based in addition to degree granting colleges and universities.  The agency's Executive Director must approve.
Contact the agency: Sean Seepersad, Division of Academic Affairs, Sean.Seepersad@ct.gov or (860) 947-1816.  Visit: www.ctohe.org

 
Driving schools and their instructors require licensing through the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles.  Contact: (860) 263-5056 or dmv.phonecenter@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dmv

According to the Connecticut Department of Correction (DOC), no occupational or trade licenses are required for establishing a halfway house. The agency, in conjunction with the Connecticut Department of Administrative Services (DAS) determines needs for proposals.  It is suggested to become an approved vendor for bidding on proposals by registering with DAS.

Contact DOC at 860-692-7780 or melanie.sparks@po.state.ct.us - Contract Administration, or DAS at 860-713-5115 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/das

For information concerning housing assistance and/or grants for programs for homeless shelters, contact the Connecticut Department of Social Services at 800-842-1508 or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dss

The Food and Drug Administration provides guidance on medical gas mix-ups for users and administrators.  For information on the safe use of medical gases, please contact the agency at (855) 543-3784 or druginfo@fda.hhs.gov

Although there are currently no state regulations for oxygen bars in Connecticut, the Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection suggests business owners make a pre-application appointment to get a better understanding of potential regulations.  Contact the agency: (860) 424-3003 or deep.webmaster@ct.gov  Visit:  www.ct.gov/deep  

Oxygen for medicinal purposes is regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.  However, oxygen is not regulated for oxygen bars if the bar does not promote oxygen for medicinal purposes.  Contact the agency for further details  at (855) 543-3784. 

Reference: Section 503(b)(1)(B) of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
What are FDA requirements for opening an oxygen spa bar in the U.S.? Can industrial grade oxygen or oxygen concentrators be substituted for medical oxygen in such use?

Oxygen spa bars have been operating in Japan for many years, and are starting to appear in Canada. These establishments don't administer oxygen for medical or emergency use in the traditional sense. We have received inquiries as to U.S. Food and Drug Administration's requirements regarding this type of operation. This is a very interesting business concept; however, medical oxygen is defined as a prescription drug which requires a prescription in order to be dispensed, except as described above, for emergency use.

Oxygen spa bar advertising that makes unproven medical claims, e.g., a skin care treatment, anti-aging, hangovers, fatigue, migraine headaches, etc. would render the oxygen a new drug.
Further, we would strongly discourage the use of industrial grade oxygen due to the lack of control exercised over industrial high pressure cylinders and the possibility of contamination occurring. As for the use of oxygen concentrators, these are prescription devices and as such would require a prescription.

The Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection provides information on the regulations that govern bottle recycling/redemption centers.  Review the legislative summary and FAQ provided on the agency's web site.  Contact  Edith Pestana at edith.pestana@ct.gov or 860-424-3044.Visit: www.ct.gov/deep

The Connecticut Department of Emergency Services & Public Protection  and the Boxing Commission oversees boxers, referees, timekeepers, managers, seconds, and promoters.    For further details, contact the agency directly: (860) 685-8290 or DESPP.Feedback@ct.gov.  Visit https://portal.ct.gov/despp

Also, local approval may be required from the town in which the event takes place.

Note:  According to the Connecticut General Statutes the following regulations also apply:  Sec.29-143v. Age limitation for boxing and wrestling. No person under eighteen years of age shall engage in any professional boxing match or wrestling exhibition and no person under sixteen years of age shall engage in any amateur boxing match or amateur wrestling exhibition except a match or exhibition held under the supervision of a school, college or university having an academic course of study or the athletic association connected with such school, college or university or held under the auspices of any amateur athletic association that has been determined by the commissioner, under section 21a-196, to be capable of ensuring the health and safety of the participants.  Sec.29-143s. Boxing and wrestling prohibited on certain days and hours. No boxing match or wrestling exhibition shall be held on Christmas Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day or Veterans' Day.

The Department of Consumer Protection no longer oversees bingo, sealed ticket sales, bazaars and raffles.  Contact your local municipality for further guidance.  However, the agency offers information for public charities and paid solicitors.

It is important to note that the bingo and raffle permits are submitted to the local police chief or first selectmen / mayor in the absence of a local police department.

Visit the agency website www.portal.ct.gov/dcp for more details: Contact the agency at  (860) 713-6170, dcp.publiccharities@ct.gov.

Questions to consider for licensing and registration:

1. What type of fund raising will your business be doing?
2. What will your business be doing with the proceeds? 
3. Will your company be receiving a commission for your services?

Note:  If receiving a commission from the fund raising services, the commission is subject to income tax. Contact the U.S. Internal Revenue Services at 800-829-1040 or visit www.irs.gov/charities and the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services at 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962, drs@po.state.ct.us or visit https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Go-carts fall into the category of "mechanical ride" which requires licensing through the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection.   Forms are available on the agency website https://portal.ct.gov/dcp  or contact the agency at dcp.licenseservices@ct.gov

The application must first be submitted to the Property and Casualty Division of the  Connecticut Department of Insurance.  Contact the agency:  (860) 297-3867.  Visit: www.ct.gov/cid

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, the sale of concessions and/or admissions tickets is subject to Connecticut sales tax.  Register for a sales and use tax certificate. Contact the agency:  1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), 860-297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Contact the Connecticut Department of Motor Vehicles for commercial licensing: (860) 263-5700, 1-800-842-8222 or mail@ct.gov  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dmv 

Also contact your local town clerks and zoning office for local regulations, permits and zoning laws.

Golf course pesticide and fertilizer application requires licensing through the Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection.  Contact the agency:  (860) 424-3003 or dep.webmaster@ct.gov  Visit: www.ct.gov/deep

If the golf course plans to have a club house, restaurant or food stand, please review What Do I Need for Food Services?

Register for the sales and use tax with the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services for the sale of products and apparel in addition to meals served.  Contact the agency:  1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), (860) 297-5962 or drs@po.state.ct.us  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

The Federal Communication Commission regulates phone companies (reseller of phone services).  Resellers are considered to be common carriers and must file a tariff.  Contact the agency: 1-888-225-5322 or fccinfo@fcc.gov  Visit: www.fcc.gov

The Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection's Public Utility Regulatory Authority  requires a Telecom Basic Certificate of Public Convenience & Necessity (CPCN) license for all services except payphones.  Applies to resellers, facility base, intrastate toll service, and local exchange service. If you need further information, please call the Department’s Consumer Assistance and Information Unit at (860) 827-2622 or the Acting Executive Secretary at 860-827-2601. 860-827-1553 or dpuc.information@po.state.ct.us  Visit: www.ct.gov/pura.

Installation of phone lines, fiber optics, computer lines, and ethernet network lines requires a telecommunications layout technician license through the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection.  Contact the agency: (860) 713-6135 or occprotrades@ct.gov  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/dcp

According to the Connecticut Department of Revenue Services, telecommunication services are taxable and requires a sales and use tax certificate.  Out-of-state contractors, regardless of the nature of the real property affected or the tax-exempt status of the property owner, must post a bond with the  agency.

Review the following publications:
IP 2018 (2) Building Contractor's Guide 
SN 2012 (2) Nonresident Contractor Bonds and Deposits 

Contact the agency: 1-800-382-9463 (Connecticut only), 860-297-5962, bond hotline 860-541-7538 or drs@po.state.ct.us  Visit: https://portal.ct.gov/drs

Licensing for a radio station is required through the Federal Communication Commission.  Contact the agency: 888-225-5322 or (202) 418-2700 or fccinfo@fcc.gov. Visit: www.fcc.gov

In Connecticut there are no licenses required.  However the Connecticut Broadcast Association can provide additional information.  Contact the association:  (860) 633-5031 or pkt@ctba.org  Visit: www.ctba.org

According to the Connecticut Department of Public Health,  Connecticut does not regulate or oversee stem cell storage facilities. 

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics and Research provides guidance and regulatory information.  Contact the agency:  (301) 827-2000, 800-835-4709 or ocod@fda.hhs.gov  Visit: www.fda.gov

Additionally, the American Association of Tissue Banks maintains a close liaison with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and is a resource for further information on stem cell storage.  The Association sponsors meetings, seminars and workshops for the exchange of scientific information. Contact the association:  (703) 827-9582  Visit: www.aatb.org

Fork lift operators do not need to be licensed, however, according to the U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Association (CFR29-1910-178) the employees of the company that operate forklift(s) need to be trained and certified.  Contact the agency locally in Bridgeport (203) 579-5581 or Hartford (860) 240-3152 or visit www.osha.gov.

The Connecticut Department of Labor may also provide guidance.  Contact the agency: (860) 263-6000 or visit www.ctdol.state.ct.us.

Excerpt from agency website

The State of Connecticut and the Department of Consumer Protection do not authorize, license, permit, or regulate in any manner any Internet gambling in any form. Under General Statutes of Connecticut Section 53-278a(2) any gambling activity in Connecticut is illegal unless specifically authorized by law. Neither the state legislature nor any state agency has approved any form of gambling on the Internet, including the purchasing of raffle tickets. Even if a gambling website is legal in another jurisdiction, such as a foreign country or another state, it is illegal to use that site to gamble from within Connecticut.

Contact the agency at 860.713.6310 or dcp.gaming@ct.gov or visit the agency website.

Businesses wishing to publicly play copyrighted music or show videos must obtain permission through either the American Society of Composers, Authors & Publishers (ASCAP) ((770) 805-3400 or visit www.ascap.com) or Broadcast Music International ((212) 586-2000 or visit www.bmi.com).  Permission is granted through the purchase of licenses.  

Political candidates seeking to finance their campaigns must adhere to Connecticut's campaign finance laws and register as a committee (politcal candidate and/or party) with either the State Elections Enforcement Commission - SEEC - (state offices) or the town clerk (municipal offices - the SEEC provides forms for registration).

Connecticut’s campaign finance laws are set forth in Chapters 155 and 157 of the Connecticut General Statutes, Secs. 9-600 through 9-624, and Secs. 9-700 through 9-718, 9-750 and 9-751.

The State Elections Enforcement Commission has the authority to investigate possible violations of the election laws, inspect campaign finance records and reports, refer evidence of violations to the Chief State's Attorney or to the Attorney General, issue advisory opinions and make recommendations to the General Assembly concerning revisions to the state's election laws. The Commission is also charged with developing and implementing an electronic campaign reporting system (e-CRIS).  The Commission is now the state campaign finance filing repository for all past and present campaign finance records for party committees, political committees and candidate committees organized for state elections.

The Commission ensures that the public can readily access both registration and financial information regarding any and all committees that are registered with the Commission. The agency provides forms for both registration and financial disclosure in a paper format as well as through the Electronic Campaign Reporting Information System (eCRIS). All documents received by the Unit are posted on the e-CRIS system where the public can search for campaign finance information about Party Committees, Political Committees and Candidates running for Statewide and General Assembly offices.

Contact the Commission: (860) 256-2940 (Main), (860) 256-2925 (Compliance), 1-866-SEEC-INFO (1-866-7332-4636) or seec@ct.gov or vist https://portal.ct.gov/seec 

Additionally, political parties; campaign committees for candidates for federal, state or local office; and political action committees are all political organizations subject to tax under IRS section 527.  A political organization must have its own employer identification number (EIN) by filing form SS-4, even if it does not have any employees.  Contact the agency: 1-800-829-4933 or visit www.irs.gov

In addition to contacting the local utility company, satellite installations require registration / licensing on all levels of government: municipal (local), state and federal.

Local
Contact the town in which the business will be based for local permits, requirements, and inspections.

Utility Company
United Illuminating Company (UI) 1-800-676-7052 or visit www.uinet.com
Eversource Toll Free 800-286-2000.  Hartford area 860-947-2000 or visit https://www.eversource.com/content/ 

State
Cable installation requires an electrical contractor license through the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection.   Contractors need to pass the electrical contractor exam given by PSI licensure:certification (1-800-733-9267, comments@psiexams.com or visit http://candidate.psiexams.com).  Contact the agency: (860) 713-6135, occprotrades@ct.gov or visit https://portal.ct.gov/dcp 

Federal
The Federal Communications Commission is charged with regulating interstate and international communications by radio, television, wire, satellite and cable. International licensing inquires should be directed to the International Bureau of the Federal Communications Commission.  Contact the agency:  1-888-225-5322, 202-418-0437 (International Bureau), 1-866-418-0232 fccinfo@fcc.gov or visit www.fcc.gov

Also contact the Federal Trade Commission (FTC): (202) 326-2222, antitrust@ftc.gov or visit www.ftc.gov Note: Email is not secure.  Confidential information should be marked "Confidential" and sent via regular mail.

Underwriters Laboratories® (UL) is an independent product safety certification organization.

In the words of UL, there are many types of UL Marks, each with its own specific meaning. The only way to determine if a product has been certified by Underwriters Laboratories® is to look for the UL Mark on the product itself. In a few instances, the UL Mark may be present only on the packaging of a product.

Some products certified by UL are components that are intended to be used in the manufacture of a complete Listed product. These components cannot bear the UL symbol, but may use a special Recognized Component Mark.

The UL Mark on a product means that UL has tested and evaluated representative samples of that product and determined that they meet UL requirements. Under a variety of programs products are periodically checked by UL at the manufacturing facility to make sure they continue to meet UL requirements. The UL Marks may be only used on or in connection with products certified by UL and under the terms of written agreement with UL. In addition to these marks, UL also provides access to the marks required in a number of other key world markets.

Note: the U.S. Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) oversees third party organizations that provide the testing and certification of products used in the U.S.   Contact: 800-321-6742  or visit www.osha.gov

Contact the company:  877-854-3577 or cec.us@us.ul.com  or visit www.ul.com

If a company in Connecticut is going out of business and they have outstanding gift cards, they are not required by law to honor them.  It is recommended by the Connecticut Department of Consumer Protection, that the company publishes a press release letting their customer know that they will be closing, and their gift cards will be honored until that date.

However, if a company is closing due to bankruptcy, their customers have the ability to act as creditors and seek out the money for their outstanding gift cards.   To obtain more information regarding Gift Card Laws in Connecticut, contact the agency: (860) 713-6050. Visit https://portal.ct.gov/dcp

According to state law, Connecticut prohibits a seller from imposing a surcharge on a buyer using any method of payment, including cash, check, credit card, or electronic means, in any sales transaction.  For further details, please review the information in the following link provided by the Office of Legislative Research.

According to the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (regulating authority) biomedical waste (BMW) is defined as any infectious, pathological and/or chemotherapy waste generated during the administration of medical care or the performance of medical research involving humans or animals. The definition of BMW excludes hazardous and radioactive waste as defined in state law.
The agency offers detailed information in a Frequently Asked Questions.  Additional details are available by calling the agency at 888-424-4193.

Certain federal agencies also have regulations governing BMW and can include, but not limited to:

• Centers for Disease Control (CDC)
• Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
• U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Understanding your business in terms of industry, supply chain and market place is key.  Assessing your competitors, suppliers, partners, customers and labor force are among the top indicators.

 What resources, especially those that are free or cost very little, do you utilize to access your data?  Let’s highlight a few:

• U.S. Census offers access to a lengthy list of free data and apps.   
• Small Business Administration - Free Small Business Data and Trends
• SizeUp, a tool offered by the Small Business Administration, allows you to benchmark your business against competitors, mapping your customers, competitors and suppliers, and locating the best places to advertise.
• Connecticut Town Profiles, offered by the AdvanceCT, offers two-page summaries of demographic and economic information as well as offers an interactive tool to compare data at the municipality level regarding demographics, economics and fiscal conditions over time.
• CT Data Collaborative gives the public access to data for informed decision making.
• Labor Market Information is provided by the Connecticut Department of Labor.
• CTSiteFinder, a tool offered by the AdvanceCT, offers qualitative and quantitative data specific to towns and real estate.

Of course, there are resources that are available at a cost:

• Dunn and Bradstreet allows access to commercial data, analytics and insights for business.
• Hoovers allows access to commercial data, analytics and insights for business.
• InfoUSA provides data for mailing lists targeting businesses and consumers.
• EMSI offers labor market data.
• ESRI offers mapping and special analytics using GIS.

Whether you’re trying to identify industries with the best growth prospects or looking for a greater understanding of market dynamics, economic trends or industry shifts – the AdvanceCT has objective research expertise and data to analyze issues at the local, state, national and global levels. We offer a variety of online research products, resources and tools, as well as individually designed custom analyses for clients.  Contact us.

Connecticut has demonstrated significantly improved economic performance in recent years, after several years of slower growth. In the most recent 4 quarters (through Q4 2023), Connecticut achieved a GDP growth rate of 2.18% YoY. This growth has allowed Connecticut to outpace regional competitors such as Massachusetts and New York, although slightly lagging Rhode Island and the nation overall. When we look at annual growth (2022 annual GDP to 2023 annual GDP), CT’s 2.1% growth rate was best in New England and second best in the Northeast. Furthermore, Connecticut's rank as 6th in the U.S. for GDP per worker reflects its efficiency and productivity.

The state's economy is buoyed by strong 5-year growth in key sectors: Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation (up 43.01%), Information (5th largest industry, up 31.71%), and Management of Companies and Enterprises (up 19.57%), showcasing its innovative and diverse economic base. Despite downturns in Construction, Other Services, and Military, Connecticut's overall economic direction is positive. These strategic growth areas emphasize the state's adaptability and potential for continued development.

Data Published: March 29, 2024
Next Release: June 28, 2024

Connecticut showed strong job growth in March with a seasonally adjusted gain of 4,900 jobs led by 4,400 jobs in the private sector.  Total Private sector jobs now total 1,475,600 jobs, the highest since 2008. Job gains in January were led by 1,300 jobs in Trade, Transportation and Utilities and 2,100 jobs in Leisure and Hospitality.

Over the past year, job gains were led by Private Education and Health Services (+11,400 jobs), Other Services (+3,400 jobs), and Leisure and Hospitality (+3,300 jobs). Meanwhile, job losses were seen in Information (-1,600 jobs) and Professional and Business Services (-2,400 jobs).

Over the five year period, Private Education and Health Services have led job growth (+14,600 jobs) followed by Trade, Transportation and Utilities (+6,300 jobs) and Construction (+3,700 jobs).  Job losses during that time were concentrated in Financial Activities (-5,000 jobs), Leisure and Hospitality (-1,900 jobs) and Government (-3,400 jobs).

Data Published: April 19, 2024
Next Release: May 17, 2024

Connecticut’s Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) remains higher than the nation overall with a rate of 64.6% compared to 62.7% nationally in March. While the gap between the US and CT LFPR has narrowed in recent years, the gap has expanded again in recent months, with the national rate declining 0.1% since August compared to a 0.3% increase in CT.

March saw an uptick in the unemployment rate in CT to 4.5%.  Overall, the unemployment rate in CT is elevated relative to the national rate of 3.8%. This is at least in part due to rising labor force participation relative to the nation.

Data Published: April 19, 2024
Next Release: May 17, 2024

Despite the labor shortages that both the state and the nation have experienced in the post-pandemic economy, Connecticut’s labor market continues to have a slightly less tight labor market. Unemployed per job opening, an important measure of labor market tightness, was 1.0 in CT compared to 0.7 in the nation overall for the month of February, suggesting a greater availability of labor. Overall, hire rates, job postings rates, quits rates, and layoff rates remain relatively close to the national trends overall, suggesting the state continues to follow the strong labor trends being experienced nationally.

Data Published: April 17, 2024
Next Release: May 17, 2024

The post-pandemic economy has seen a significant increase in business applications both in Connecticut and nationally.  Business applications, both general applications and high propensity business applications, are at all-time highs in CT for the measurement period.  In recent months, high propensity business applications per capita have begun to decline at the national level while they are seen a slight uptick in CT. The gap between business applications per capita between the US and CT has remained relatively constant over the past 16 years. For high propensity businesses this equals roughly 1 fewer application per 10,000 residents.

Data Published: April 11, 2024
Next Release: May 9, 2024

Median Household Income in Connecticut ($88,429) is significantly higher than the national level ($74,755), though notable disparities exist within the state.  Households of White, Black, Asian, and Two or More Races in Connecticut earn more than their counterparts nationally. However, Connecticut median household incomes are lower than U.S. levels for those of Hispanic or Latino Origin (of any race), as well as for American Indian and Alaska Native, and those of Some Other Race.  The gap between CT and U.S. income for Hispanic or Latino and Some Other Race populations in CT is smaller than last year, a positive consequence of better than national income growth overall from 2021 to 2022. Data is not available for Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander populations in CT for 2022.  The Male-Female median household income gap is larger, both in absolute and percentage terms, in Connecticut than the nation.

Focusing on growth, Connecticut's median household income grew 3.5% over the last five years and 3.9% in the last year, ranking 28th and 7th among states respectively.  This recent change is indicative of more competitive income growth than in previous years.

Data Published: September 14, 2023
Next Release: Fall 2024

Poverty is less prevalent in Connecticut (9.8%) than in the nation (12.6%).  This extends to most demographics except Asian alone, Some Other Race Alone, and Hispanic or Latino populations.  Data is not available for CT Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander populations.

Since 2021, CT has reduced poverty slightly more than the nation.  These reductions extend across most demographics, the largest being a 3.1% reduction in poverty among CT American Indian and Alaska Native populations.  Rates increased for CT Female and Asian populations.  The latter rose by 3.8% to shift Connecticut's Asian poverty rate above national.

Data Published: September 14, 2023
Next Release: Fall 2024

Connecticut’s population has increased since 2020, after having been flat (2013-2014) or declining (2015-2019) over most of the past decade. By 2020 Connecticut had regained all the population lost during the prior 5 years, and the state has continued to grow in 2021 and 2022.  

This population change aligns with a shift from negative to positive net domestic migration beginning in 2020/2021. Connecticut’s migration patterns have been improving (becoming less negative) since 2018 and most data sources show a flip to positive (net in-migration) since the pandemic.

Note: Some of the 2021-22 out-migration shown in the PEP data may stem from temporary covid induced relocations, as this data set also saw a larger “pop” in in-migration in 2020-21 than the other sources. Netting the inflow in 2021 and the outflow in 2022 results in a net gain of residents to Connecticut over that time frame. PEP data is calculated from July of the prior year to June of the current year, so the timing is slightly different from the other data sources. Census ACS, which was released in September, shows an net inflow of 56,582 residents. IRS have not yet released 2022 data. The level of in-migration varies between sources, which have different methodologies and include different populations. 

Connecticut’s population is becoming increasingly diverse. Over the past 10 years, increases in Black, Asian, and populations of Two or More Races outpaced decreases in white populations, and the Hispanic population has grown significantly.  The 65+ and 18-24 age groups have shown the largest increase in absolute and percentile terms over the last five and ten years.

Data Published: ACS - September 14, 2023; PEP - December 2023; IRS - April 27, 2023
Next Release: ACS - Fall 2024; PEP - December 2023; IRS - Spring, 2024

Connecticut's rental vacancy rate has been lower than the US over most of the past 5 years, indicating a tighter housing market and lower availability of rental units. This disproportionately impacts young workers (under 35), unmarried individuals, and non-white households, all of which are more likely to rent. (Pew, 2021)

Over the past 10 years, Connecticut's housing supply has grown more slowly than the US.

Data Published: Housing Vacancies and Homeownership (CPS/HVS) - August 03, 2023; Housing Stock (Census ACS) - September 14, 2023; 
Next Release: Housing Vacancies and Homeownership (CPS/HVS) - October 31,2023; Housing Stock (Census ACS) - Fall 2024

The “Alternative Site Framework” (ASF) is an optional framework for organizing and designating sites that allow zones to use quicker and less complex procedures to obtain FTZ designation for eligible sites.

1. To reorganize under the ASF, each zone grantee propose a "service area".
2. Once approved by the FTZ Board, a subzone or usage-driven site can be designated anywhere in the service area within 30-days using a simple application form.
3. The ASF allows zone designation to be brought to any company that needs it, eliminating the need for zone grantees to predict where the zone will be needed and pre-designate sites.

1. Companies interested in FTZ contact the local grantee.
2. Company completes federal application for site designation.
   • Application is submitted by the grantee on behalf of a company.
   • Grantee will obtain comments from local Customs & Border Patrol (CBP) Office.
   • Application is submitted by the grantee on behalf of a company to the Foreign Trade Zones Board.
   • Information Needed: Site address/acreage, Company/brief summary of activity, right to use site, map, legal authority, application fee ($4000 or $6,500)
   • 30-day approval time for ASF Minor Boundary Modification.
3. Requesting FTZ Production Authority
   • Grantee or company may submit simple “notification” to FTZ Board requesting production authority. Does not need to be concurrent with request to designate FTZ site(s) for company.
     • Notification includes: Name and location of company, brief description of proposed activity, lists of proposed components and finished products, clarity on if any components are subject to trade measures/proceedings
   • From receipt of complete notification, there is a 120-day timeframe for FTZ board to decide whether to authorize proposed activity.
     • Decisions on notification consider: Any submissions received in public comment process, input from industry specialists within government, history of past applications in the industry
   • Partial or restricted authorization is possible
4. Activation with U.S. Customs & Border Protection
   • Grantee will notify company when FTZ Board has approved the site.
   • Company can begin working towards meeting activation requirements while application to designate FTZ site(s) is pending with FTZ board.
     • Activation Process includes: Investigations, review of inventory control system, review of security in place at the facility, company posting specific FTZ bond, company establishing written procedures manual
   • CBP and FTZ user can now begin activation.
   • Standard approval time 3-6 months

Commissioned by the Chamber of Commerce of Eastern Connecticut, Ørsted and Eversource, the study created a list of recommendations for how Connecticut can build on its existing strengths and advantages to capture future benefits of the offshore wind industry.

Embracing the Potential of Offshore Wind in Connecticut

The Southeastern Connecticut Enterprise Region, in partnership with the Connecticut Department of Economic and Community Development and other stakeholders, put together the initial proposal that was awarded $500,000 in round one funding, which will allow Connecticut to develop a more detailed plan for round two consideration. The coalition proposed six projects to support the offshore wind sector, including diversifying and expanding the supply chain, providing waterfront industrial sites for development, and bringing innovative new products to production.

$1B Build Back Better Regional Challenge

With an eye toward making Connecticut a national leader in clean energy, Eversource and UCONN extended their joint commitment to the Eversource Energy Center into 2028, with the goal of accelerating research and adoption of blended energy sources, including solar, wind, hydrogen, fuel cell, and hydro, and to further modernize the regional power grid. This commitment to state-of-the-art offshore wind research will also engage underrepresented minority undergraduate students in all areas of sustainable energy research.

Offshore Wind Energy and Grid Integration | A Partnership of UConn and Eversource

CIEROW is an interdisciplinary team of scientists with expertise in offshore research, physical and biological oceanography, and fish and shellfish biology/ecology. The goal of the initiative is to conduct targeted research in marine environments potentially impacted by offshore wind energy industry while also supporting the industry with enhanced monitoring, data analytics and modeling capabilities to assess and predict the performance of wind energy generation.

https://marinesciences.uconn.edu/cierow/

The Naval & Maritime Consortium (NMC) is part of the ecosystem of support available for BlueTech companies in New England. Through mentorship, collaboration, and business networking, the NMC creates opportunities for growth, so that its members can capitalize on the national undersea, maritime, and offshore wind supply chains.

Naval & Maritime Consortium – Connecting Connecticut's Naval & Maritime Industries

One of Connecticut’s greatest strengths lies in is its existing and organic manufacturing assets which are fully capable of attracting, growing, and retaining the offshore wind supply chain, including aerospace and maritime manufacturing capabilities and advanced technologies. The state has several effective programs that it uses to develop its workforce and has a knowledge and talent base that could expand to develop a steady pipeline of qualified and highly skilled workforce for the offshore wind industry. From high-technology services associated with the aerospace industry to its rich history of working in the maritime environment, most notably with the submarine base and the General Dynamics Electric Boat facility, as well as its talented engineering workforce, with several nationally recognized universities, Connecticut is well-suited to meet the varied needs of the offshore wind industry, from the planning and design phase, through to construction and implementation, and throughout its life cycle into the O&M phase.

The Governor’s Workforce Council